Disaster Management Essay

There four frames of government issue readiness including p tout ensemble(a)iation, prep bedness, response and recastive memory. Mitigation phase involves efforts made by the charged focal point and the confederacy in general to prevent any known and foreseeable hazard from developing into a destructive possibility. It also involves reducing the effect associated with the occurrence of a disaster. As much(prenominal), this phase is different from alone opposites as it involves development of long term measures and strategies useful for avoiding and reducing jeopardizes in a society.When mitigation measures are applied after a disaster has occurred, they seat be considered as a part of the recovery answer. Mitigation strategies move be structural in the sense that they make use of the actual technology or they can be non-structural such as legislation, indemnity or land use mean. It is this phase that or so of the efforts of offset managers should be concentrated a s this can attend in avoiding most types of disasters. some some other important phase of return jutning is the preparedness phase in which hand brake managers strive to develop action platforms to counter the occurrence of a disaster. Most of the emergence planners spend much time and imaginations in this salute in an effort to prepare themselves and bone up resources necessitate. The common measures undertaken in this phase include effective communication plans, training and maintenance of emergence run inclusive of enough human resources to extend with any disaster that may occur (Krischenbaum, 2004, p. 21).Other measures include the exercise and development of effective methods of monition the population close to the occurrence of an emergency coupled with excrement plans and emergence shelters, maintenance of enough disaster equipments and affix also the necessary livestock and finally, the development of emergence organizations of properly trained volunteers among the population in an area. other important aspect of this phase is the prediction of the casualties that can be expect from a accustomed disaster which helps the planners to estimate the come in and type of resources needed to react to an emergence.In the response phase, emergence managers are charged with the economical consumption of mobilizing all the necessary resources to deal with a disaster. Resources such as firefighters, legal philosophy and ambulance among others forms the first wave of doers to a disaster to help save and charge to a safe channelize those hit by the disaster. The planners mobilize all the resources inclusive of human resources and other type of resources such as evacuation cars and ladders, health check supplies among others.The effectiveness of this phase is based on how well the planners had organised and rehearsed the preparedness phase (Krischenbaum, 2004, p. 43). The final phase is that of recovery or reconstruction of the affected area in an effort to restore it to its previous status. Here, planners would organize the reconstruction of infrastructure, and offering aid to the affected individuals to help recover and reconstruct their lives. 2. The process of venture compendium A risk can be defined as a quantifiable luck of specific eventualities.In regard to disasters, a risk can be seen as the probability of negative outcomes of a disaster. Risk analysis involves the application of various strategies and methods in assessing the potential impact of a disaster occurrence in a society. It involves the application of various tools such as toll benefit analysis in an effort to have an idea regarding the potential impact of a disaster. As such, risk analysis is an important step in emergence management as it helps emergence managers to break down organize resources for effective mitigation and response to a disaster.Risk analysis help in determine the functions likely to occur and which needs most of the at tention in planning process. It involves the identification of threats posed by a disaster inclusive of the economic and social risks. As such, disaster managers should assess the risks in terms of red of lives, property among other resources in the society. After such identification, the managers should try and define the risk through the application of various tools such as socio-economic speak to benefit analysis.Whether faced with a shortage of resources or not, managers should undertake risk analysis as this will help them have a exonerated picture of what they would expect if a given disaster occurs. They will be able to effectively allocate resources during the planning period and effectively respond to a given disaster with the required speed, resources and preciseness (Sundra, 1995, p. 98). An actual sound judgement of possible risks through the available tools of analysis is thus important if emergence planning process is to be effective as a whole.Managers should thu sly conduct risk analysis for better allocation of resources besides better planning. 3. The importance of emergence plan to a community or urgency? There are various types of disasters that can face any given community. Some disasters are easy to mitigate while others cannot be excuse nor can they be prevented from occurring. For example, while it is possible to mitigate the consequences of flooding, it is not possible to stop the rain from falling.Still, measures can be put in place to avoid certain consequences associated with hurricanes by it is practically impossible to prevent a hurricane from occurring. An emergency plan is important while dealing with disasters as it enables a community or an procedure charged with the role of managing emergencies to better respond to any occurrence of such a disaster. For one, an emergence plan helps in mitigating the occurrence of disasters and the risks associated.Measures such as ensuring all the buildings comply with architectural ru les and regulations helps in reducing the risk of such buildings collapsing in case of an earthquake. Further, an emergency plan helps the community to be completely prepared in terms of types and the amount of resources that would be needed if a disaster occurs (Alexander, 2007, p. 47). Here, the community or the agency will have the resources ready and this will help the emergence group to respond fast and effectively. It will help in ensuring that all the required resources are available and effectively allocated when responding to a disaster.Such a plan should therefore include all the resources needed besides outlining the various travel to be followed while dealing with a disaster. It should include a cost analysis or a budget covering all the resources required. Still, all actors should be well informed of the plan so as to go through a smooth flow of all the phases and steps required to deal with a disaster. 4. Roles played by emergence managers in planning aesculapian e mergence for mass-casualty incident Disasters which results in mass casualties demand a gage of resource allocation and efforts on the side of disaster managers.When there are mass casualties, medical examination care can pose a banging problem and thus managers need to be well informed and conditioned of the steps that need to be taken if such a situation occurs. As such, managers should be able to organize all the resources inclusive of medical crew and medical suppliers at least to deal with the minor relative incidence of injuries. Further, disaster managers should be able to communicate with the existing hospital managements about the casualties and organize with such hospitals to offer space to the casualties.On the other hand, to assist medical care to mass casualties, disaster managers can request medical provide from available hospitals besides organizing for transportation methods such as helicopters to short letter lift those affected and ambulances to take the in jured to the hospitals. The managers should fully cooperate with other actors to ensure that the causalities are taken care of. Evacuation and rescue teams should be mobilized to un-trap those who may be trapped in various places and to bring these good deal into safety (Terry, 2003, p. 56).Moreover, a disaster manager can cooperate with the community for a camp site where mobile hospitals can be erected to help save the situation. Medical help should be sought from various directions including organizations such as the Red Cross among others. A complete and continuous supply of medical resources should be maintained to ensure that all the medical staff are fully supplied and equipped with the necessary supplies. Every effort and measures should be taken to ensure that all the relevant actors are involved and all the casualties attended to. 5.What makes for a good emergency manager or disaster manager? For one to be a good disaster or emergency manager, there are a lot of considera tions that need to be put into consideration. Other that the professional qualifications needed of such a manager, other behavioral and character traits are needed to ensure the effectiveness of the manager. A manager can be fully educated about ways and means of dealing with a disaster or an emergency besides all the strategies needed in such a situation simply may still be ineffective in his or her leadership. To offshoot with, a manager needs to be a self impel person.When faced with an emergency, more decisions need to be made and fast. The manager should be able to make quick and effective decisions with minimal reliance on others if the various steps involved are to be successful. Still, the manager should be able to work under harsh conditions as is typical with most of the disasters. He or she should be able to flexible to work at odd hours and be prepared to do all that it takes to save the situation. In general, the manager should be a team leader, self propelling, fl exible in terms of space and time and also be innovative (Cahill, 2003, p.103). notwithstanding the existence of emergency agencies and organizations, there is shortage of resources to many of these agencies. Resources such as ambulances, human resources, tents and other resources are limited thus jeopardizing the whole process of emergence planning and action. Evacuation tools and machinery are today rare to many emergency agencies besides lack of enough man power. In essence, this has resulted to mute response in some situations and foreign aid to fill the resource gap.ReferencesAlexander E. (2007).Moving beyond special needs A function-based framework for emergency management and planning. Journal of Disability Policy Studies, Vol. 17, pp. 47 Cahill K. M. (2003). Emergency support operations. Mahwah NJ. Quorum Books, pp. 103 Krischenbaum A. (2004). Chaos organization and disaster management. Westport CT, Praeger Publishers, pp. 21, 43 Saundra K. (1995). Flirting with disaster popular management in crisis situations. London, Routledge, pp. 98 Terry Cannon (2003). At risk Natural hazards, peoples vulnerability and disasters. Routledge, pp. 56