Is the Death Penalty a Deterrent? Essay

No other topic in the field of corrections receives more attention than the death penalty (del Carmen). The United States is one of the few democracies in the world that still imposes a punishment of death, much due to the strength of public opinion. Since 1936, the Gallup Poll revealed only one year (1966) in which a minority of the population favored capital punishment, with only 45 percent support. Support has remained fairly constant at around 70 percent through the year 2000 (National Opinion Research Center). Many supporters’ arguments for the death penalty derive from the deterrence hypothesis, which suggests that in order to encourage potential murderers to avoid engaging in criminal homicide, society needs capital punishment. In other words, â€Å"states with the death penalty should have lower homicide rates than states without the death penalty† (Void, Bernard, and Snipes 201). In 2000, 42 percent of the United States population felt the death penalty acts as a deterrent to other potential murderers (National Opinion Research Center). Scholars have long believed that if the public were more knowledgeable on the death penalty and its effects, support would not be so high (Shelden). Former Supreme Court Justice Thurgood Marshall, in his concurring opinion in the case of Furman v. Georgia (1972), stated that American citizens know almost nothing about capital punishment. Further, in what has become known as the â€Å"Marshall Hypothesis,† he stated that â€Å"the average citizen† who knows â€Å"all the facts presently available regarding capital punishment would†¦ find it shocking to his conscience and sense of justice† (Walker, Spohn, and DeLone 230). For example, a Gallup poll was given asking whether respondents supported the death penalty, then asked if they would support it if there were proof that the deterrence theory was incorrect. Twenty-four percent of the respondents showed a change in their support of capital punishment (Radelet and Akers). Background Capital punishment in the United States has gone though periods in which most states either abolished it altogether or never used it, and periods in which it was commonly used (Shelden). The landmark Supreme Court decisions of Furman v. Georgia (1972) and Gregg v. Georgia (1976) rekindled the longstanding controversy surrounding capital punishment (Shelden). In Furman v. Georgia, the Court found that the death penalty, as it was currently being administered, constituted â€Å"cruel and unusual punishments†, in violation of the Eighth and Fourteenth Amendments to the United States Constitution. This decision suspended all capital punishment in the United States, however, left leeway for states to revise their current practices. Appeals began flowing through the Court and within four years of Furman, the Court made perhaps its most significant ruling on the matter (Shelden). In the case of Gregg v. Georgia (1976), the Court ruled, â€Å"A punishment must not be excessive, but this does not mean that the states must seek the minimal standards available. The imposition of the death penalty for the crime of murder does not violate the Constitution. † The moratorium was lifted and a path cleared for the first execution to take place in ten years. After a de facto abolition of capital punishment, it was reinstated in 1977 with the execution of Gary Gilmore by a firing squad in Utah (Shelden). Currently, 38 states, the federal government, and the United States military continue to execute those convicted of capital murder. Illinois and Maryland have moratoriums placed on the death penalty in their jurisdictions (Death Penalty Information Center). As recent as 2000, a number of jurisdictions in the United States have questioned the fairness and effectiveness of the death penalty. For instance, in January of 2000, Governor George Ryan of Illinois declared a moratorium on all executions after the state had released thirteen innocent inmates from death row in the same time it had executed twelve. Ryan then appointed a blue-ribbon Commission on Capital Punishment to study the issue in greater detail. On January 10, 2003, Ryan pardoned four death row inmates after lengthy investigations revealing abuse of defendants’ rights, including torture during interrogation (Death Penalty Information Center). The following day (also his last day in office) Ryan granted clemency to all of the remaining 156 death row inmates in Illinois, as a result of the flawed process that led to these sentences. According to the Death Penalty Information Center, â€Å"Ryan’s decision to grant today’s commutations reflects his concern that Illinois’ death penalty system lacked uniform standards designed to avoid arbitrary and inappropriate death sentences. † It should be noted that the 156 clemencies did not result in the release of the inmates, since many still face life in prison. Deterrence Theory According to Siegel, deterrence is defined as â€Å"the act of preventing a crime before it occurs by means of the threat of criminal sanctions; deterrence involves the perception that the pain of apprehension and punishment outweighs any chances of criminal gain or profit† (616). The theory of deterrence stemmed from the work of Cesare Beccaria, who has been known as â€Å"the leader of the classical school of thought† (del Carmen 21). Beccaria received a degree from the University of Pavia in Italy in 1758. Upon graduating, he embarked on working as a mathematician, but soon became interested in politics and economics. Beccaria met regularly with Allessandro Verri, an official of the prison in Milan, and his brother Pietro Verri, an economist, in a group of young men who met to discuss philosophical and literary topics (Void, Bernard, and Snipes). In March 1763, Beccaria was given the responsibility of writing an essay on the topic of penology. With little knowledge in the field, he went to the Verri brothers for assistance and drafted the essay. In 1764, his influential essay, On Crimes and Punishments was published (del Carmen). He listed ten principles proposing various reforms to make criminal justice practices more logical and rational (Void, Bernard, and Snipes). Becarria’s work is known to be one of the first wails for reform in the treatment of criminals. His concept that â€Å"the punishment should fit the crime,† was a major contribution to the classical school of thought. Beccaria felt severe punishment was not necessary and the only reason to punish was to assure the continuance of society and to deter others from committing crimes. Further, deterrence stemmed from appropriate, prompt, and inevitable punishment, rather than severe punishment. Regarding the death penalty, Beccaria believed it did not deter others and was an act of brutality and violence by the state (del Carmen). Finally, in one of Beccaria’s ten recommendations he argued that punishments that include excessive severity not only fail to deter crime, but actually increase it (Void, Bernard, and Snipes). The theory of deterrence was neglected for about a century. Then, in 1968, criminologists sparked an emergence of interest when Jack P. Gibbs published the first study that attempted to test the deterrence hypothesis (Void, Bernard, and Snipes). The certainty of punishment was defined, by Gibbs, as the ratio between the number of prisoners admitted for a given year and the number of crimes known to police in the prior year. Gibbs defined severity of punishment as the mean number of months served by all persons convicted of a given crime who were in prison in that year. His research found that greater certainty and severity were associated with fewer homicides for the year 1960. Gibbs concluded that both certainty and severity of imprisonment might deter homicide. Charles R. Tittle analyzed similar statistics regarding certainty and severity of punishment for the seven â€Å"index offenses† in the FBI Uniform Crime Reports (Void, Bernard, and Snipes). Tittle concluded that the certainty of imprisonment deters crime, but that severity only deters crime when certainty is quite high (Void, Bernard, and Snipes). In 1978, the National Academy of Sciences produced a report that concentrated on previous deterrence research and found that more evidence favored a deterrent effect than evidence that was against it. Void, Bernard, and Snipes stated that the deterrent effectiveness of the death penalty is probably the single most researched topic in the area of criminology. In 1998, Daniel Nagin reviewed studies of deterrence and argued that deterrence research has evolved into three types of literature. Of the three, one of these types identified examines criminal justice policies in varying jurisdictions and the crime rate affiliated with the policies to determine if there is a deterrent effect. Void, Bernard, and Snipes recognized that a large number of studies have been conducted regarding this issue; however the results have been inconclusive. For example, the deterrence hypothesis implies that death penalty states should have lower homicide rates than states without the death penalty. As Gibbs and Tittle’s research showed, however, death penalty states have considerably higher murder rates than non-death penalty states. Void, Bernard, and Snipes conclude that, more than likely, this results from states implementing the death penalty due to higher murder rates. Radelet and Akers state that because of little empirical support for general deterrence and the death penalty, most criminologists have concluded that capital punishment does not reduce crime. Furthermore, several researchers have found that the death penalty actually increases homicides (Bailey). Thorsten Sellin, one of the leading authorities on capital punishment, has suggested that if the death penalty deters prospective murderers, the following hypothesis should be true: (a) Murders should be less frequent in states that have the death penalty than in those that have abolished it, other factors being equal. Comparisons of this nature must be made among states that are as alike as possible in all other respects – character of population, social and economic condition, etc. – in order not to introduce factors known to influence murder rates in a serious manner but presently in only one of these states. (b) Murders should increase when the death penalty is abolished and should decline when it is restored. (c) The deterrent effect should be greatest and should therefore affect murder rates most powerfully in those communities where the crime occurred and its consequences are most strongly brought home to the population. (d) Law enforcement officers would be safer from murderous attacks in states that have the death penalty than in those without it. Sellin’s research indicates that not one of these conjectures is true. Further, his statistics illustrate that there is no correlation between the murder rate and the presence or absence of capital crimes. For example, Sellin compares states with similar characteristics and finds that regardless of the state’s position on capital punishment, they have similar murder rates. Finally, Sellin’s study concluded that abolition and/or reintroduction of the death penalty had no significance on the homicide rates of the various states involved. Summary The death penalty has long been one of the most debated issues in the American justice system. Most advocates claim that the punishment protects society by deterring murderers from repeatedly committing their crimes. Additionally, proponents proclaim that criminals have a better chance of choosing not to commit murder if the death penalty is a possible sanction. On the other end, opponents of the death penalty argue that no study has convincingly shown enough evidence of such a deterrent effect. In fact, they argue that most studies have not only shown the lack of a deterrent effect, but have conversely suggested that punishment by death might even have a brutalization effect. In other words, they suggest that criminal executions brutalize society by legitimating the killing of human beings, which ultimately leads to an increase in the rates of criminal homicide. Deterrence basically refers to the ideology that punishing persons who commit crime prevents other similarly disposed individuals from doing so. There are two existing types of deterrence, specific and general. Death penalty proponents argue for the importance of specific deterrence and its preventive effect in protecting society from a second crime from the same offender, who could easily evade or be released while imprisoned. In other words, this simply means that the death penalty takes away the opportunity for the offender to commit murder again. This type of deterrence obviously only deters the concerned offender. In this case, it is certain that punishment by death acts as a specific deterrent in 100% of the cases since a deceased offender will never have the opportunity to recidivate. As for general deterrence, it assumes that the thought of the death penalty as a potential cost of offending acts as a form of dissuasion. It is believed that punishment by death is considered by offenders when they are committing their acts, which would then convince them to not act and therefore result in a lesser probability of them committing their crimes. Additionally, proponents of the death penalty argue that such a punishment is the only solution to deter imprisoned offenders from killing other inmates or guardians while incarcerated. Without the death penalty as a possible sanction, a murderer incarcerated for life would not have anything to lose by killing again.With the death penalty as a possibility, the inmate has his life to lose. Works Cited Bailey, William C. â€Å"Deterrence, Brutalization, and the Death Penalty. † Criminology 36. 4 (1998): 711-33. Cockburn, Alexander. â€Å"Hate Versus Death. † Nation 272, 10 (2001): 9-11. Death Penalty Information Center. What’s New, 2008 del Carmen, Alejandro. Corrections. Madison, Wise: Coursewise Publishing, 2000 Chiricos, Theodore G. and Gordon P. Waldo. â€Å"Punishment and Crime: An Examination of Some Empirical Evidence. † Social Forces 18. 2 (1970): 200-17.

Foreign Currency Risk

FOREIGN CURRENCY RISK Q1. Jack is a UK based car exporter who exports luxury cars and has a competitor in Germany; he has recently seen a change in foreign currency that pound ( £) of UK has strengthened against euro (â‚ ¬) of Germany. What is the type of risk does Jack face in his business? (MCQ)Credit RiskTranslation Risk Economic Risk Transaction Risk(2 marks) Q2. Yarn Co is multinational business & wants its foreign subsidiary financial statements. They are making exchange losses when the accounting results of its foreign subsidiary are translated into the home currency. Which type of currency risk does Yarn Co face? (MCQ)Netting off RiskTranslation Risk Economic Risk Hedging Risk(2 marks) Q3. Saito Co, a USA based fish exporter has competition with Sakkara Co based in Bangladesh. He believes he faces an economic risk in the business. What type of impact does it have on Saito Co? (MCQ)Direct ImpactIndirect ImpactPolitical ImpactEconomic Impact(2 marks) Q4. The current spot rate of UK ( £) to USA ($) is  £3:$1.5. The interest rates per annum are UK 5% & USA 9%. What will be the two-month forward rate (to the nearest two decimal places)? (FIB)4013204318000 £ :$1(2 marks) Q5. The current spot rate of UK ( £) is  £3. The inflation rate per annum of UK is 3% & the expected future six-month spot rate is  £3.06. Calculate the foreign annual inflation rate? (FIB)501656223000%(2 marks) Q6. Which of the following statements relates to International Fisher Effect? (MCQ)The exchange rates of countries depending on inflation ratesThe exchange rates of countries depending on interest ratesPrices are same to different customers in an economyNominal interest rate differentials between countries provide an unbiased predictor of future changes in spot exchange rates.(2 marks) Q7. Which of the following differences will result in an Expectation Theory? (MRQ)The difference in Inflation RatesDifference between Spot & Forward RatesThe difference of Interest RatesDifference between Spot & Future Rates(2 marks) Q8. Select the appropriate theory with the following statements. (P&D)Depreciation of forwarding rates will be due to high-interest rates Differences in nominal rates due inflation rates A commodity is priced same in every country The forward rate is a fair predictor of the spot rate in the future EXPECTATION THEORY PURCHASING POWER PARITY THEORY INTERNATIONAL FISHER EFFECT INTEREST RATE PARITY THEORY(2 marks) Q9. Patio Co. operates in the USA. They will be receiving a payment of  £2,500 from customers in four months' time. Calculate Patio Co.'s receipts in four months' time? Use the following rates. (MCQ)Spot Rate  £1.4/$ –  £1.6/$4 Month Forward Rate  £1.8/$ –  £2.0/$$1,786$1,563$1,389$1,250(2 marks) Q10. Fray Co is a USA based company ; imports Robots from China. The usual credit period is three months. Fray Co has to pay  ¥60,000. Calculate the loss/gain of the payment on forwarding contract? (MCQ)Spot Rate  ¥1.321/$ –  ¥1.521/$3 Month Forward Rate  ¥1.654/$ –  ¥1.854/$$7,085 (Loss)$9,144 (Loss)$9,144 (Gain)$7,085 (Gain)(2 marks) Q11. PXG Co, a UK based company has made $3,600 sale to its USA customer on credit. The current  £/$ exchange rate is  £6.4/$12.8. It is expected that UK  £ will strengthen by 15%, by the time USA customer pays. Calculate the receipts in  £? (MCQ) £244.57 £281.25 £489.13 £562.5(2 marks) Q12. The dollar is quoted at a $0.067 premium for the forward rate. The current exchange rate is $/ ¥ 1.0005 +/- 0.0045. What will a $4,900 payment convert at forwarding rate? (MCQ) ¥4,876 ¥4,920 ¥5,224 ¥5,274(2 marks) Q13. A UK based company Bib Co will receive a foreign payment of $2,000 in four months' time. The spot rate is $1.1/ £ – $1.4/ £. Calculate the income in four months' time using money market hedging? (MCQ) Borrow DepositDollar ($) 4% 5%Pounds ( £) 3% 2% £1,414.4 £1,419.4 £1,800 £1,807(2 marks) This information is used for Q14, Q15 ; Q16.A USA based company has to make a payment of  £95,000 in nine months' time. The spot rate is  £2.2/$ –  £2.5/$. Following details are:Borrow DepositDollar ($) 7% 5%Pounds ( £) 5% 3% Q14. Calculate the foreign payment using money market hedging? (MCQ) $37,164$42,232$43,816$44,449(2 marks) Q15. Calculate the foreign payment if the nine-month forward rate is  £2.37/$ –  £2.71/$? (FIB)3511551206500$ (2 marks) Q16. Calculate the gain/loss for the company for not leading the payment? (MCQ)$4,365 (Gain)$4,365 (Loss)$3,816 (Loss)$3,816 (Gain)(2 marks) Q17. Following statements relate to Forwarding contracts. (HA)An immediate binding contract TRUE FALSEThe forward rate is variable in nature TRUE FALSEThe timing of the contract is unknown TRUE FALSE(2 marks) Q18. A company wants to reduce its transaction risks when conducting business with foreign receivables/payables. Following statements are said by the directors during this years' AGM. Select the appropriate statements to reduce the risk. (MRQ) â€Å"The company should hold back its payments for few months†, this technique is Leading†The company should continue as normal†Ã¢â‚¬ I have some friends offshore who work in a bank, I may able to arrange a foreign account for the company† said by a director†The company should deal in the foreign currency only† (2 marks) Q19. Juab Co is a manufacturing company ; has a foreign supplier who supplies raw materials. Recently the supplier has now become a customer as well, who purchases Juab Co.'s finished products and sells in his respective country. Which technique of reducing risk is applicable for Juab Co? (MCQ) Money market contractLeading & LaggingForward market hedgingMatching & Netting(2 marks) Q20. Which of the following statements are true in relation to futures? (MRQ)Currency futures are standard contractsA high premium is paid initiallyFutures are available in all currencies offered by the bankFuture contracts are binding (2 marks) Q21. A company wants to hedge itself from any currency risk. They have decided to hedge themselves using currency futures. They have to make a payment in May of $36,000. The futures have a contract size of $15,000. Which of the following futures will they select? (MCQ)Buy three futures on MarchSell two futures of MarchBuy two futures of JuneBuy three futures of September(2 marks) Q22. Select the appropriate option in relation to futures. (HA) Transaction cost is lowest ADVANTAGE DISADVANTAGEContracts are limited to some currencies ADVANTAGE DISADVANTAGEThe exact date does not have to be known ADVANTAGE DISADVANTAGE(2 marks) Q23. Picots Co is UK based company which has a lot of foreign customers. It will be receiving a payment from USA based customer of $500,000 in five months. The company has been advised to use derivatives to hedge themselves against any currency risk. If they opt for currency options which of the following are correct? (MCQ)Buying a USA $ call option in the UKBuying a USA $ put option in the UKBuying a UK  £ call option in the USABuying a UK  £ put option in the USA (2 marks) Q24. Which of the following statements relate to currency options? (MRQ)In future the market becomes favorable and the company will face a loss because it is bound to the contractThey are negotiated Cannot be traded in all currenciesEasily arranged & Flexible (2 marks) Q25. Which of the following is incorrect for swaps? (MCQ)It is negotiated between two parties having their own spot rateIt has a nominal costIt is an over the counter dealIt has multiple markets (2 marks) Q26. Which of the following has a refundable cost? (MCQ)Currency FuturesForward ContractsCurrency OptionsCurrency Swaps(2 marks) FOREIGN CURRENCY RISK (ANSWERS) Q1. CEconomic risk is the variation in the value of the business due to unexpected changes in exchange rates. This is an indirect impact on Jacks business. Q2. BThey are making exchange losses when the accounting results of its foreign subsidiary are translated into the home currency. This is an indication of Translation Risk. Q3. AIt is a direct impact on Saito Co as the USA being home currency strengthens then foreign competitors Sakkara Co in Bangladesh is able to gain sales at your expense because your fish have become more expensive in the eyes of customers both abroad and at home. Q4.  £3.02Interest rate parity theory = 3 Ãâ€" 1+(9% Ãâ€" 212)1+(5% Ãâ€"212) =  £3.02 Q5. 7%Purchasing power parity theory = 3 Ãâ€" 1+(x% Ãâ€" 612)1+(3% Ãâ€"612) =  £3.06X% = 7% Q6. DThe exchange rates of countries depending on inflation rates (Purchasing Power Parity Theory)The exchange rates of countries depending on interest rates (Interest Rate Parity Theory)Prices are same to different customers in an economy. The law of one price. (Purchasing Power Parity Theory)Nominal interest rate differentials between countries provide an unbiased predictor of future changes in spot exchange rates. (International Fisher Effect) Q7. When these two will become equal, Expectation Theory arises. Difference between Spot & Forward RatesDifference between Spot & Future Rates Q8.Depreciation of forwarding rates will be due to high-interest rates INTEREST RATE PARITY THEORYDifferences in nominal rates due to inflation rates INTERNATIONAL FISHER EFFECTA commodity is priced same in every country PURCHASING POWER PARITY THEORYThe forward rate is a fair predictor of the spot rate in the future EXPECTATION THEORY Q9. DReceipts =  £2,500 à · 2.0 = $1,250Q10.Payment (Forward) =  ¥60,000 à · 1.654 = $36,276Payment (Spot) =  ¥60,000 à · 1.321 = $45,420Gain = $9,144Q11. AFuture Rate = $12.8 Ãâ€" 115% = $14.72Receipts =  £3,600 à · 14.72 = $244.57 Q12. DThe Spot rate = $0.996/ ¥ – $1.005/ ¥ -/+ 0.0045The dollar is at a premium so subtract it as if dollar strengthens then yen will weaken in the forwards market. The new Spot rate = $0.929/ ¥ – $0.938/ ¥ – 0.067Payment = $4,900 à · 0.929 =  ¥5,274 Q13. BBorrow Foreign Currency = $2,000 à · [1 + (4% Ãâ€" 4/12)] = $1,974Convert Foreign to Local = $1,974 à · 1.4 =  £1,410Deposit (Interest) = (1,410 Ãâ€" 2% Ãâ€" 4/12) =  £9.4Total Receipts =  £1,410 +  £9.4 =  £1,419.4 Q14. DDeposit Foreign Currency =  £95,000 à · [1 + (3% Ãâ€" 9/12)] =  £92,910Convert Foreign to Local =  £92,910 à · 2.2 = $42,232Deposit (Interest) = ($42,232 Ãâ€" 7% Ãâ€" 9/12) = $2,217Total Payments = $42,232 + $2,217 = $44,449 Q15. $40,084Payments =  £95,000 à · 2.37 = $40,084Q16. BQ17. An immediate binding contract TRUE The forward rate is variable in nature FALSEThe timing of the contract is unknown FALSE Q18.†The company should hold back its payments for few months†, this technique is Lagging (Incorrect)†The company should continue as normal† This refers the company should take no action (Correct)†I have some friends offshore who work in a bank, I may able to arrange a foreign account for the company† said by a director. This statement indicates opening a foreign bank account. (Correct)†The company should deal in the foreign currency only† The company could deal in home currency rather in foreign currency (Incorrect) Q19. DThis technique attempts to match the same foreign currency receipt & payments due at the same time. The netting of the intra debit & credit balances saving transaction cost & reducing risk. Q20.Currency futures are standard contracts, fixed limits specified (True)A high premium is paid initially, this is applicable in options (False)Futures are available in all currencies offered by the bank, Only in few currencies (False)Future contracts are binding, they have to be closed (True) Q21. CThe Futures can be bought or sold only four times a year which are March, June, September & December. Future contracts can be signed relating to a month after the date of receipt. They will buy two futures each of $15,000 and the remaining $6,000 can be hedged using other techniques. (E.g. forward contracts) Q22. Transaction cost is lowest ADVANTAGE Contracts are limited to some currencies DISADVANTAGEThe exact date does not have to be known ADVANTAGE Q23. BPicots Co will want to sell the USA $ when they receive the payment which is why they will use USA $ put (sell) option bought in the UK. Q24. In future the market becomes favorable and the company will face a loss because it is bound to the contract, this statement relates to future contracts They are negotiated, this statement relates to options (Correct) Cannot be traded in all currencies, it is a disadvantage hence this statement relates to options (Correct)Easily arranged & Flexible, this statement relates to swaps Q25. DIt has no markets; it is a tailor-made an agreement between two parties.Q26. ACurrency Futures, An initial margin cost which is refundableForward Contracts, has a transaction costCurrency Options, A non-refundable premium costCurrency Swaps, No initial cost

Written Assignment - Displaying Leadership Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Written - Displaying Leadership - Assignment Example Because the behaviour was left to go too far, Paul found it normal to be loud with customers and even bully them into agreement. He went on to boast that he could win with any customer until the day he yelled at the mother to the head of Paediatrics. Consumers of healthcare include employer groups, patients, and agencies of government, family members and third party payers. Today’s consumer is sufficiently informed and empowered hence Paul’s behaviour couldn’t go far. Being left to continue would mean even new employees learns the same and clients continue suffering. The ultimate impact is a negative publicity of the hospital as one that does not have customer service standards. As a leader it is my responsibility to model good customer service not only in Paul but also the new employees. I would do so by making sure everyone understands the importance of organisational values; empower them with skills to offer quality customer service and emphasis on education and training. I will also stress the importance of accountability and transparency as well as adherence to set standards and procedures. Another important element of customer service is communication, feedback and measurement of compliance (Rabert, 2012). The goal is for every employee to understand the value of customer satisfaction. 1. Anne S. Rabert. (2012). Making the Transformation to a Customer-Service Orientation. American Nurse Today, 7(1). Available at:

Blooms Taxonomy Higher Order Thinking Skills Essay

Blooms Taxonomy Higher Order Thinking Skills - Essay Example The article is quite relevant to my classroom work. After acquisition of knowledge, I need to teach my students to take it to other levels of understanding, applying, analysing, and evaluating. This way, education will be relevant to them and to the entire society. In addition, this type of learning provokes students to innovate new ways of doing things and stop depending on others for intellectual knowledge. Having taught for many years, sometimes I do not need to carry teaching guidebooks to my lessons. This is because during my college years, my lecturers used Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) related educational objectives teaching methods, which have influenced my teaching skills greatly. I particularly recall an incidence when our general subject lectures tested our HOTS. Each of us received a copy of 150 words with information on a certain national anthem of a country in Africa. The first step was a test on how well we can vividly remember the words. The lecturer divided us into groups of three and we were supposed to do a presentation to the class. After thirty minutes, many students could memorise the Anthem. Next, it was required of us to give meaning to different words in the anthem. The lecturer helped us on the complex words that we could not comprehend and later gave us instructions to write an article of something we believed in to determine if we could apply the knowledge learned in real life. We satisfied the lecturer that we could really apply what we had learned and he proceeded to ask meaning of different phrases in our articles. The whole setting was exciting and the entire group of student’s mood was set up. We even wrote new articles in different contexts of things we believed in, after which we evaluated the new articles describing their purpose and their relevance in real life. When in class with my students, I have learned the importance of applying Blooms higher order of thinking skills. My students are alert at any given tim e and their level of understanding is quite high. For instance, when I was teaching a topic on angles and elevations, I encouraged the students to think beyond basic formulas. The purpose of any kind of learning is to enable the student to gain knowledge. After a week of thorough learning on this topic, I wanted to know how much my students had absorbed. Therefore, I called for an impromptu maths class to review this topic. Students were required to recall a wide range of materials in relation to different angles that exist and the formulas for their calculation. According to Saint Paul Public schools, â€Å"Knowledge represents the lowest level of learning outcomes in cognitive domain† (Saint Paul Public Schools). At this point, I took advantage of giving the students examples other than those given in classes to test if they could transform the materials from one form to another. Students could solve given problems with the knowledge, theories, and concepts of angles learne d in class. Satisfied that students could remember and apply what I had taught them, it was time to analyse if the students got the deep meaning of the topic. One of the question I recall asking is â€Å"what is an obtuse angle.† The questions continued until I was quite sure that most of the students, if not all, were well versed with the topic. Later on, students formulated their own questions on the topic, some that included real life problems. For instance, one bright student’

Leadership Styles In Nursing Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Leadership Styles In Nursing - Research Paper Example Among the leadership styles mentioned in those literatures, servant leadership is quite rarely mentioned from these literatures, and none of these mentioned be-know-do leadership style. This paper will be discussing these two less-frequently utilized leadership styles and will be dealing with their potential application as an addition to the more common leadership styles in the nursing setting in promoting a more effective nursing care planning and patient outcomes. Servant Leadership â€Å"And whosoever of you will be the chiefest, shall be servant of all.† (Mark 10:44, King James Version) Servant leadership is popularized by Greenleaf (1970) in the 21st century, but was already introduced by Jesus Christ about two thousand years ago, written in the gospels of the apostles in the Bible. A narrow idea of servant leadership is that the person taking the lead is assuming the role of a servant to his followers (i.e. a person leads because it is his duty as a servant to his followers). The leader using this style is motivated by his â€Å"deep desire to help others† (Greenleaf Center, 1999). What separates this leadership style from others is the incorporation of the concepts of values and morality, having focus on the aspects of trust, appreciation of others and empowerment (Graham, 1991; Russell, 2001). This style is based on teamwork, involving others, ethics and care, enhancing growth of followers, and improving quality (Greenleaf Center, 1999). ... Servant leadership is observed in the nursing profession and is seen as a feasible style in the nursing setting (Swearingen & Liberman, 2004). Be-Know-Do Leadership Originated from the United States Army (2004), this leadership style revolves in the concepts of â€Å"be†, â€Å"know† and â€Å"do† geared towards their purpose and direction. The leader assumes the role using his ability to influence others and learning the skills in gaining the trust and commitment of his followers for them to act according to their objectives (Department of the Army, 2006). The character and skills of the leader motivates the action performed by the team. Contrary to the common notion of military leadership, this style is not as simple as â€Å"bossing† with people, but every person in the team is assuming both as a leader and as a subordinate, wherein it is pictured as leading the leaders, even among the lowest ranks (Hesselbein & Shinseki, 2004). This style is also trans formational, but even if it is apparently autocratic, followers are expected to act instead of waiting for an order. There might be no literatures that support the utilization of be-know-do leadership in the nursing setting, many features of this style can be observed, like nurses being both a leader and a follower, the influential power of the nurse leader to achieve the objectives of patient care (Kelly-Heidenthal, 2003). Application of Clinical Example Servant leadership is more apparent on nurse-patient relationships. One of the nurses’ roles to her patients is being a leader in terms of caring. The nurse, being the patient’s manager of his care, exerts her duty in leading as a servant. An

MANY TIMES NOVELS,MOVIES HAVE LIFE CHANGING EFFECTS ON THEIR Movie Review

MANY TIMES NOVELS,MOVIES HAVE LIFE CHANGING EFFECTS ON THEIR AUDIENCE.EXPLAIN HOW A SPECIFIC OR NOVEL HAS HAD A POSTIVE EFFECT ON YOUR LIFE - Movie Review Example Upon being released to video, and then later DVD, many stores refused to carry it for sale or rent, including Blockbuster and Walmart. It has been my experience that most people who hold an opinion of this movie hold an opinion based upon the controversy it generated rather than the content of the film itself. Since this seems a less than progressive way to form an opinion, I decided to watch it and form an opinion based on what the movie seems to be about to me. The Last Temptation of Christ has had a lasting effect upon my life not only for its content, but as a method of showing that misinformed public opinion can have a lasting and damaging effect upon works of art that extend into time and form. The protest against the film centers around the supposedly blasphemous qualities it contains, including Jesus marrying and having children. Indeed, the film does feature a section in which Jesus marries and has children. But far from being blasphemous, these scenes highlight Jesus' sacred qualities because they take place within a vision-His last temptation on the cross. The point of the movie is that Jesus denies the temptation and accepts his mission as messiah. In other words, Jesus is heroic! Far from being blasphemous, the film is actually quite conservative in its adherence to religious dogma.

CRIME CONTINUES TO BE A MASCULINE PURSUIT.DISCUSS Essay

CRIME CONTINUES TO BE A MASCULINE PURSUIT.DISCUSS - Essay Example 285). Despite reports that females are committing crimes at an increased rate, males continue to commit the vast majority of crimes (Anthony 2008, p. 94). The prevailing view is therefore that crime continues to be a masculine pursuit despite modest increased in female offending. The question then is, whether or not crime is and continues to be a masculine pursuit. Theories and assumptions that attempt to explain the disproportionate rate of male offending help to answer the question of whether or not crime continues to be a masculine pursuit. The prevailing view is that, if male offending can be attributed to masculine theories rather than traditional criminology theories, then we might be able to state that crime continues to be a masculine pursuit. Some explanations include the role of gender socialization, the perceptions of police, and the independence and opportunities that men are accorded (Browne 2011, p. 249). However, with the exception of gender socialization, the other ex planations and theories are not gender specific. For instance, perceptions of police can be entirely related to education or exposure. Similarly, independence and opportunities are likewise linked to both men and women. ... This paper is therefore divided into three parts. The first part of this paper provides a factual basis for the contention that males are more predisposed to commit crimes than females are. The second part of the paper analyses the various theories, assumptions and explanations relative to the male propensity to commit crimes. The third part of the paper examines the rise in female crimes and concludes that the rise in female crimes do not change the disproportionate number of male crimes. However it does indicate that crime is not and does not continue to be a masculine pursuit. It does indicate that crime is not specific to males and therefore can not be characterized as a continuing to be a masculine pursuit. The objective is to analyse masculinity theories with a view to demonstrating how crime is perceived to be a masculine pursuit and then to look at the increase in female offending to demonstrate how crime cannot be perceived as a masculine pursuit. Although crime was perceive d to have been a masculine pursuit, developments in female offending inform that it is impractical and unreasonable to continue to view crime as a masculine pursuit. I. Males and Crime The latest statistics released by the UK Office for National Statistics reveal that as of October 2006, 4 out of every five offenders were male. Moreover, man â€Å"outnumber women† in all of the most serious crimes (Office for National Statistics 2006). For instance between 84 and 95 per cent of burglary, robbery, drugs-related offences, criminal damages and violent crimes are committed by males. 98 per cent of all sexual offences are committed by males (Office for National Statistics). In the US there is evidence that the

Managing Construction Site Constraints Research Paper

Managing Construction Site Constraints - Research Paper Example   Geotechnical engineering is a field of study concerned with the behavior of rocks and soil present at any particular area. The features of geotechnical engineering are not just restricted to construction of buildings; rather it serves many other areas that include petroleum, military, and mining (Benny). Some of the main areas of study covered by geotechnical engineering include soil mechanics, rock mechanics, and design of foundations. Geotechnical engineering plays a key role in site development and, in particular, in designing foundations of a building. According to Rowe, geotechnical engineers study the behavior of soil and rocks in order to determine their physical and chemical properties that are necessary to be investigated at the earliest stages of building design (31). Based on investigations, engineers move towards the process of designing soil stabilization system in order to overcome the soil contamination problems.Working of Geotechnical EngineersThe first thing geot echnical engineers do in building design process is starting the design process by taking soil samples from the land where construction is to be started. The purpose is to determine the environmental impact on the soil of the site. Some other aspects of the site that geotechnical engineers study include chemical properties of soil, soil stability, and the presence of air pockets in the soil. The results of these tests determine the viability of the decision to start construction at the site or not.   The tests reveal the soil behavior at the site, as well as help the engineers in finding suitable solutions to the identified problems. The engineers use the results to design foundations for the building planned for construction. Here, an important point is that the complexity of the design of foundations depends on the condition of the soil. According to Day, if condition of the soil is normal, the design of the foundation will also be simple, whereas it will be complex in case the soil at the construction site shows atypical pattern or behavior (71). Geotechnical engineers not only provide feasibility report for the designing of foundations but also play an important role in the designing of earth support structures. The earth support structures play a valuable role in the construction of dams, roads, and tunnels. Some of the main tasks of

Modern Presidents and their Policies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Modern Presidents and their Policies - Essay Example As great a plan the New Deal seems to be, its' constitutionality was challenged in the Supreme Court. Initially, it was deemed unconstitutional. The role of the government is limited, to prevent it from becoming a totalitarian or dictatorship. Part of the limited powers includes that government's interference in businesses be as minimal as possible. However, the New Deal was a plan proposed in need to combat the Great Depression. It was when Roosevelt threatened to increase the number of Judges on the Supreme Court that the Supreme Court reversed its' decision and granted the New Deal constitutional. The New Deal had three components: direct relief, economic recovery, and financial reform (Keith, et al 289). The direct relief component was aimed toward the approximately one-third of the population that was hardest hit by the Great Depression. The economic recovery component was designed to restore and stabilize the economy overall. Lastly, the reform component was to bring about changes that would correct the instability of the market that was caused by the Depression. As part of the direct relief, many programs were created. ... Many of the major economists praised these work relief programs, calling them, "appropriate responses to the critical situation" (Keith, et al 658). The economic recovery can in part be seen in almost all aspects of the programs. The financial reform, however, was specific in programs such as the National Recovery Administration, the regulation of Wall Street, the Agricultural Adjustment Act farm programs, the insurance of bank deposits (Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation 1933) and the Wagner Act which encouraged labor unions (Keith, et al 658). Overall, the New Deal had successes and failures. For example, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation reestablished the American faith in banks. The CWA, Civil Works Administration, had about four million workers, which of course was a great success. Some of the programs were even designed for minorities, like the Indian Reorganization Act which proved to have a positive outcome for the Native Americans. One of the best programs was probably the one designed for decreasing unemployment, known as the Works Progress Administration (WPA) (Keith, et al 709). The WPA provided work for approximately eight million Americans. Their projects included mostly construction and repairing of schools, hospitals, and the like. Aside from achieving programs dedicated to economic reforms, the New Deal passed a law, Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 that banned child labor and set a minimum wage (Keith, et al 708). The New Deal did indeed have a lot of successes. However, there were a few limited failures as well. For instance, the Social Security Act was established to provide pensions for workers in old age, benefits to victims of industrial accident, unemployment

Clusters, small business (Five forces, Porter's generic strategies, Essay

Clusters, small business (Five forces, Porter's generic strategies, STP with marketing) - Essay Example First, it can use mass marketing strategy where it focuses on medium-end quality door according to different ages as they have different segmentations. Targeting the mass market may help drive huge purchases of their products for them to survive and grow in the international market (Panda, 2008: 98). Secondly, the company can use targeted marketing strategy. They should focus on high income individuals by tailor making high quality doors. By communicating their value proposition well, they will be able to attract and retain many customers internationally (Tyagi & Kumar, 2004: 72). Thirdly, they can use tradeshow marketing strategy. It should participate in Trade Fairs, Chinese Guangxi - Southeast Asia Business Expo, the CAEXPO as well as other transnational commodity fairs so as to attract both local and international customers. Finally, the company should use global marketing strategy. The company should have sales agents through other countries door expositions in Europe so as to e xpand its customer base (Nijssen & Frambach, 2001: 45). It helps the company to analyze the industry and the market in which it will operate. This theory can equally help the company attract current buyers and future buyers over the world especially in Europe market. The company can use personalized or differentiated services so as to win customers thereby avoiding the threat of new entrants that may decrease profitability or take away some customers (Hill & Jones, 2010: 179). The personalized of differentiated products can create customer loyalty to the company’s brands thus creating a barrier to entry. To protect itself from the threat of substitute products, the company should develop high quality state-of-the-art doors with low ease of substitution (Roy, 2009: 64). This will increase the customer satisfaction thus reducing buyer propensity to substitute. Further, the company can implement loyalty programs to reduce bargaining power of

Review of the “Safety Training” Episode of The Office Television Series Essay Example for Free

Review of the â€Å"Safety Training† Episode of The Office Television Series Essay The mockumentary-inspired effort of the National Broadcasting Company (NBC) in presenting real life situations of workplace environment has paid off with the apparent success of the network’s American version of British BBC 2001 hit television comedy show â€Å"The Office. † The 2005 release of the TV series in the United States paved the way for the public’s realization of the various exploits existing within an organizational setting. This is primarily due to the diversified hence obvious clashing of personalities and professional attributes among office personnel. In particular, such office conflict is clearly manifested by the 47th episode of â€Å"The Office† entitled â€Å"Safety Training. † This is where Andy Bernard who is being portrayed by actor Ed Helms and who after finishing his anger management therapy, returned to Dunder Mifflin’s Scranton, Pennsylvania branch which is a fictional paper supply office. It is during this specific episode that arguments concerning employees’ egos, improper conducts and boredom have become more effectively depicted. In the said episode, Regional Manager Michael Scoot, played by actor Steve Carell, showed his usual hazardous antics, which eventually endangered an employee and required all of them to undergo safety training. This showed a thesis that anything is inevitably risky in an office environment or that any office activity, even a supposedly safety training, may go astray if the personnel involved are apparently clashing with each other and are always in conflict thus despairing people. Ultimately, the said episode which was carried out in an amusing spoof manner manifested that an office-based depression is a threat to an employee (Novak Ramis, 2007). Lastly, such episode of â€Å"The Office† generally imparted a premise that each office equipment and machinery has its own function and possible danger which may affect both the employees and organizational performance. Hence, office employees need to protect themselves regardless of their respective conflicts in order to achieve office success. Reference Novak, B. J. Ramis, H. (2007). Safety Training. In G. Daniels, The Office. Los Angeles: Reveille Productions.

Audit Report on Database Security and Performance Management

Audit Report on Database Security and Performance Management EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report covers a review of the Security and performance issues, with the respect to the size and capacity of the data management in Organic Cosmetics Ltd. We are running a company with a total number of over 100 employees and large customer base national and international. In summary, we found some deficiencies in security integrity and performance in terms of query optimisation and as well as areas where improvements are warranted as listed below; 1. No proper procedure of reducing Sensitive Data Exposure which will in turn be devastating to the company, if not sorted out as soon as possible. 2. Deficiency in the way of detecting Threats from Inside and Outside 3.Deficiency in the way of developing Secure Applications 4. In terms of performance optimisation, there is no proper indexes set up to optimise and speed up retrievals of queries that are taking too long to execute. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES The main aim for the report is to carry out the proper procedures and techniques that is best to carry out the better security performance and query optimisation for administrative management performance. And after a proper consultation with experts and detailed research we have all that is takes to implement and effect changes to these deficiencies. Some of our objectives are; Reducing Sensitive Data Exposure in Applications by introducing an Oracle Advanced Security data redaction which provides selective, on-the-fly redaction of sensitive data in query results prior to display by applications. Limiting Sensitive Data Exposure When Sharing Data, we have been able to put in place Oracle Data Masking and Subsetting. Deficiency in the way of developing Secure Applications, we have been able to source out advanced and more sophisticated security measures introduced by oracle Database 12c Real Application Security, which is Oracles next generation database authorization framework and the industrys most advanced solution for developing secure applications called Basic Fine Grained Access Control (Oracle Virtual Private Database (VPD)) and the Real Application Security (RAS). Performance optimisation, there is no proper indexes set up to optimise and speed up retrievals of queries that are taking too long to execute. There should advance form of scalability which is the ability of a system to process more workload, with a proportional increase in system resource usage, there we have to choose an efficient execution strategy for processing a query. APPROACH The best possible way of reducing sensitive date exposure is by the Redaction process. Redaction is the process of scrubbing out data. Imagine a paper document with certain fields scratched out with a black marker. Oracle Advanced Security data redaction works similarly but on application data stored in the database. Because it is enforced inside the database, it is possible to consistently redact database columns across different application modules accessing the same data. Data redaction minimizes changes to applications because it does not alter actual data in internal database buffers, caches, or storage, and it preserves the original data type and formatting when transformed data is returned to the application. Data redaction has no impact on database operational activities such as backup and restore, upgrade and patch, and high availability clusters. Because we handle a lot of big transactions OCL, it will be better to use data redaction to make sure our data are secured. The movement of production data dramatically increases the risk to data and increases the overall cost of security and compliance. Masking of data before it is moved from production eliminates the risk of data breaches in non-production environments by irreversibly replacing the original sensitive data with fictitious data so that data can be safely shared. Using Oracle Data Masking and Subsetting enables entire copies or subsets of application data to be extracted from the database, obfuscated, and shared with partners inside and outside of the business. Most importantly, during the obfuscation process, application integrity is preserved by maintaining data relationships across application tables. Oracle Data Masking and Subsetting improves security by reducing the scope of data exposed to partner organizations. Compliance costs are lowered by narrowing the compliance boundary for test and development groups. Below is an example of data being masked. Instead of four rows in Name and salary column the masking has reduced it the rows and interchanged the data store in each column rows. The solution to deficiency in the way of developing Secure Applications is by adopting the following process, which we have been able to source out. It is an advanced and more sophisticated security measures introduced by oracle Database 12c Real Application Security, which is Oracles next generation database authorization framework and the industrys most advanced solution for developing secure applications called Basic Fine Grained Access Control (Oracle Virtual Private Database (VPD)) and the Real Application Security(RAS). Oracle Virtual Private Database (VPD), introduced in Oracle8i, is widely used today to enforce fine grained access control within applications. It allows application developers to associate a stored PL/SQL program unit with an application table, view, or synonym. The program unit fires when the application object is accessed via SQL. The program unit computes a predicate or where clause that is appended to the original SQL statement. In many cases, the program module will query specific meta data tables containing information on user roles and privileges as nearly every application today has its own unique set of security tables. Another common approach used with VPD is to initialize an Oracle application context when a new application user is initialized within the application. Real Application Security(RAS). Unlike the basic Oracle Virtual Private Database (VPD), Oracle Database 12c Real Application Security (RAS) provides a robust declarative model that allows developers to define the data security policy based on application users, roles and privileges within the Oracle Database. The new Oracle Database 12c RAS technology is more secure, scalable, and cost effective than the traditional Oracle VPD technology. Real application security provides a declarative interface that allows developers to define the data security policy, application roles, and application users without requiring application developers to create and maintain PL/SQLstored procedures. The data security policies are defined inside the database kernel using the Oracle Database 12c RAS API. The permissions associated with business objects are stored in Access Control Lists (ACLs). ACLs are a key component of RAS and store the privileges assigned to principals and control the type of operations: select, insert, update and delete that can be performed on the objects. These are some of the usefulness of Real Application Security provides the next generation authorization architecture for applications that will be needed in Organic Cosmetics Limited (OCL): 1.Uniform Data Security: The RAS Security model allows uniform specification and enforcement of access control policies on business objects irrespective of the access path. It overcomes the limitation of custom built approaches that only work when an object is accessed via the specific code path that has access control logic embedded into it. 2. Secure End User Identity Propagation: Application sessions allow the end user identity and associated attributes to be conveyed securely to the database allowing the database to use the information for end-user access control and auditing. 3. Declarative and Fine Grained Access Control: RAS policy components encapsulate the access control requirements of the application in the form of declarative policy on data for application users, application roles, and application privileges. With column security, RAS model extends authorization to the column level to protect sensitive data such as SSN. With support for master-detail, parameterized, delegation, and exception based declarative policies, RAS meets the real-life deployment requirements of applications. Then for the issuesof performance optimisation and quick table accessibility, there is no proper indexes set up to optimise and speed up retrievals of queries that are taking too long to execute. Finally, there is an indexing system that can be set up to help sort the out accessibility of records quickly. Basically there are 3 kinds of index, but we have chosen the Function index. In a function index you index an expression rather than a column. Eg supposing you wanted to regularly retrieve orders that havent been shipped, so no value in shipdate. A basic B-tree index couldnt be set up because it wouldnt include nulls in the index, so function based could be used: eg: CREATE INDEX non_shipped_index ON ord   (NVL(shipdate, null)); CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION Based on our findings and recommendations I believe if we could make appreciate changes as soon as possible we can be able to sort the deficiency issues in our database management system and also to improve our services. 1.4 REFERENCES WHITEPAPER, O. (2015) Oracle Database 12c Security and Compliance. Available at: http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/security/security-compliance-wp-12c-1896112.pdf (Accessed: 08 February 2017).

A Review of Coulters South During Reconstruction

A Review of Coulters South During Reconstruction Sean Mooney To start, Coulters The South During Reconstruction is an in depth analysis of the Southern United States (Confederate States of America, 1861-1865) following the end of the Civil War, the 8th installment of Coulters series A History of the South. The author, E. Merton Coulter (1890-1981), is a Georgia native and a Professor and Historian of the south for University of Georgia. Hes been described as a writer with purpose and a teacher with purpose. (Bailey, 2015). His qualifications come from his time as a professor for the University of Georgia with a very extensive course on the history of the Southern United States pre 1900s. However, his credibility as an author took a minor blow in the mid 1960s with his book Negro Legislators in Georgia During the Reconstruction Period which casted the African-American legislators at the time as unmitigated villains (Bailey, 2001). This, which shall be highlighted further in the review, is considered common in Coulters writing as a Southern scho lar. Coulters book contains a chapter by chapter analysis of different functions and effects of the economy post Civil War and during reconstruction. Chapters I-III titled Cost of War, The Way Back, and Short Cut to Civilization, discuss the beginning costs of the war and employ the use of numbered statistics, showing the true cost and how much the south was affected while offering some side points from the side of civics and community. This group of chapters first discusses primarily the cost and levels of destruction, state by state, such as Alabama claimed destruction amounting to $300,000,000. (2, 4) and begins to discuss the destruction of the Southern railway system claiming, Two thirds of the Souths railroads were utterly destroyed (3, 6). However, the book is sometimes written from personal views and beliefs. Chapter V can be regarded as one of the more interesting chapters, a chapter dedicated to The Negro as Laborer and Landowner. (92). Here, Coulter can be seen as showing his t rue colors, highlighting his opinions of negro landowners and freedman stating Basically the freedman did not like to take orders that reminded him of slavery The hardest work before the North now is to teach the Negro what constitutes his freedom. (93, 4). Next, elaborating on the authors qualifications, the book actually does not contain an expected bibliography. Coulter chose not to create a list of source material, instead the bibliography is replaced with what the author notes a Critical Essay on Authorities He explains the meaning behind the change, stating No attempt is made here to compile either an exhaustive or an ideal list of items, but rather to indicate with some evaluation what was examined in writing this volume. (392, 1). The essay offers an extensive outlook on the groups of materials used in the making of the book. These materials are arranged in collections pertaining to their function, such as Manuscripts and Government Documents, (392, 393). On the issue of credibility, many of the statistics found seem to have come from a personal recollection from manuscripts of soldiers, generals, and politicians as well as the census from 1860 to 1880.[1] However, using personal manuscripts without offering the authors credenti als or credibility leaves room for doubt and skepticism on how accurate the account is. What should also be taken in account with this use of these materials is the time they came from, where race was regarded in a very different way, leading to a one sided account of history in favor of the white and not the colored enslaved at the time or those affected by the Civil Rights movement a century later. Next, to summarize the contents of this review in a few words, good intentions with poor execution. South During Reconstruction could be a very promising book with a magnificent story of the south to tell while analyzing the socioeconomic impact of the Confederate states. For a man who writes the Southern Point of View as a scholar. (Cotterill, n.d.), Coulter leaves me wanting for more. One of the more pinnacle and turbulent pieces of history the story of this land can offer goes semi untold in this book, leaving a taste of what the book could be, readers such as myself yearning for a better taste. Nowadays a history book made and published in 1958 would not exactly be as accurate as a modern day book. Now, the unfortunate fact about Coulter is he is considered by some as a Confederate Apologist, and has been revealed to be a racist. One man has described Coulter as a conservative, racist, unreconstructed southerner who defends Southern racist policies and practices (Smith, n.d.) This brings in question the true accuracy of the information provided in the book. The reasoning is the majority of the book is written by the War of Northern Aggression standpoint which humanizes the Confederacy and dehumanizes the North. Even then, Coulters history of Reconstruction was already obsolete by the time it was released. Coulter did not test his claims and research by diving into the research and material available. Instead, he told the old story of a liberated people worse off for being on their own and adamant, and of nefarious carpetbaggers and scalawags manipulating them to engender a blackout of veracious regime. Dismissing Ku Klux Klan violence, Coulter claimed that nothing went right u ntil the Souths natural rulers were put back in charge. Coulter rather hoped that his contribution would come in shifting the subject to something less exhaustively covered, by inditing a gregarious history of the South, the magnification of cities, and the habits of white Southerners. In this he came up with plenty of information, but not by utilizing the materials court records, probated wills, diaries and journals, manuscript census returns, a history relying largely on conservative bigoted accounts without dipping into a larger database of the souths history and culture. As a scholar and a professor, you would expect Coulter to teach an unbiased and neutral stanced view of history without being tied down to banal Southern policies and statutes. Instead the University of Georgia professor ties himself down to outdated bigoted Southern beliefs and traditions with chauvinism and pride to the land of Ol Dixie. To conclude, what makes the book worth a read is the dramatic contrast on how we write history today and how we wrote it yesterday. But on the contrary we can see thats where the book keeps some charm. Instead of being a source for analysis, the book can be used as a source for preservation. The preservation of old bigoted policies, the preservation of what was once the true face of the south, a dark and vicious spot in American history that is not to be forgotten, but heeded and preserved, to see how weve progressed and grown as a nation. Works Cited Bailey, Fred Arthur. E. Merton Coulter (1890-1981). New Georgia Encyclopedia. New Georgia Encyclopedia, 05 Aug. 2015. Web. 16 Mar. 2017. Bailey, Fred Arthur, E. Merton Coulter, in Reading Southern History: Essays on Interpreters and Interpretations, ed. Glenn Feldman (Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 2001). Cotterill, R. S. THE SOUTH DURING RECONSTRUCTION. Louisiana State Law School. LSU, n.d. Web. Coulter, E. Merton., and Wendell Holmes. Stephenson. The South during Reconstruction: 1865-1877. Baton Rouge, LA: Louisiana State U, 1991. Print. Smith, John David. E. Merton Coulter, the Dunning School, and The Civil War and Readjustment in Kentucky. Digital image. Journal Store. Kentucky Historical Society, n.d. Web. [1] Covers the books range of pre reconstruction (before 1865) and after reconstruction (1865-1877)

Adolescent Observation Report Essay -- Adolescence Development Observat

Confidential Material The names used in this Adolescent Observation Report are fictitious. This is absolutely necessary to protect the privacy of the adolescent being observed. Person observed: Mary Age: 18 Gender: Female General description: about 5’2†, black hair, brown eyes, about 100 lbs. Place of observation: at my work, World of Tile Company Others present: Other co-workers Cultural group: Chinese Physical Development Mary has reached her body height at 5’2†. Although, when she was younger she had to take growth hormones because she was not growing when the rest of her peers were. She was a very late developer and did not start puberty until she was 17. Mary is very active in school activities such as clubs and softball and tennis. She is very coordinated in her sports and also very fast. Mary was just offered a full scholarship to play tennis at State University. Nutrition and health habits consist of eating a healthy, well balanced diet. She rarely eats fast food, and never eats sweets. She generally tries to maintain a nutritious diet because she wants to succeed in tennis. Cognitive Development In school, Mary is a B average student. She is a Senior in High School and is going to State University in the fall, 2015. Her family moved to the United States when she was very young, so she has been in American schools since pre-school. Her reading and writing skills are pretty average, but she exceeds in math. Mary is very attentive...

Jewel: Pieces Of A Shattered Dream :: essays research papers

My opinion of the book mentioned above is that it is extremely well written and inhibits several unique characteristics. The typical biography or autobiography is written in a sober manner, such that the reader is completely bored by the events of the life of the subject. The author Kristen Kemp, wrote this book so that the audience is excited and anxious to discover what happens in the next chapter in the life of the specified individual. An example of the authors exciting style of writing is evident in this quote referring to Jewel's acceptance to Interlochen Arts Academy in Michigan; "Just like that, Jewel set out for, possible, her most life changing journey of all." That statement could have been written so that it simply stated that Jewel was going to attend that academy, however, due to Kristen Kemp's writing style, the statement kept me excited to read another chapter. I think that Jewel's life was full of outstanding events that were interesting to read about. I'm glad that I chose this book as compared to other biographies based upon a less eventful life. There were extreme high points in her life, "It was like overnight that Jewel discovered happiness while riding around in a VW van." These times incorporated happiness into the reading, while the low ones "Despite her efforts to make herself feel better, she couldn't escape some of her problems" established sympathy. A variety of mixed emotions are the key ingredient in making a making a reader become involved in the story line. Jewel Kilcher was born on May 23, 1974, and grew up in Homer, Alaska. She lived with her parents and two brothers in a house on an extremely large plot of land. Their house had no TV or running water. Having no running water meant no shower and no indoor plumbing, just an outhouse in the yard. Growing up, Jewel helped take care of the horses that her family raised. She also hayed and worked in the family's garden with her father. Both, her father and mother, were extremely musically inclined and performed all over Alaska. When Jewel was six, she was singing and traveling with them. She acquired an amazing ability to yodel at this age, and soon this became a regular accompaniment with her parents. A few years later, Jewel's parents divorced. She still traveled with her father every once in a while for seven more years.

Graduation Speech: We are Blessed to Live in the USA :: Graduation Speech, Commencement Address

Dear fellow students, faculty, friends, and family, My name is Sam Myers and I'm from Albania. Coming here was a great experience for me. I grew up in a poor country where the chances to get a good education were extremely limited. I went to schools with broken windows, and did homework by candlelight because we had no power. I was raised in a simple family by parents who loved me dearly, cared for me, and taught me life values that I carry with me. I wish they were here today. My parents had no educational background and could barely read or write. I had nothing compared to what young people in America have. But my parents communicated to me the importance of a good education, and today I am graduating from Marefat Community College in the United States of America. What a huge difference! The fall of communism in Albania in 1990 brought Albanians hope for the future. As every young man, I had dreams and one of them was studying abroad. God brought me here in a miraculous way. While providing medical care for the Kosovo refugees during the war of 1999, I met the people who provided the financial support I needed to come to America. It was exciting and scary at the same time. I had lived all my life with my family in the same country, but it was time for big changes and new adventures. I cherish the wonderful feelings of my first days on the Marefat campus. The easy access of many resources on campus including the library, computer labs, and many others made my learning process easy. I have learned that the key to success is working hard and focusing on your goal. Despite the many distractions this country offered me, I reminded myself that I had a goal to reach and I was here for a specific purpose. Marefat Community College opened many new doors for my future. One of my greatest experiences was working at the Office of Student Life as a student programmer. I learned to work in a business environment, coordinating events and communicating with students and staff. Working as a team with students from different cultures and backgrounds opened my eyes to get a better picture of the world. For the first time in my life, I met people who did not look like me. As I got to know them, I was able to break the stereotypes I had built growing up in a country that was closed to the rest of the world for 50 years.

The Zebra Storyteller

Once upon a time there was a Siamese cat who pretended to be a lion and spoke inappropriate Zebraic. That language is whinnied by the race of striped horses in Africa. Here now: An innocent zebra is walking in a jungle, and approaching from another direction is the little cat; they meet. â€Å"Hello there! † says the Siamese cat in perfectly pronounced Zebraic. â€Å"It certainly is a pleasant day, isn’t it? The sun is shining, the birds are singing, isn’t the world a lovely place to live today! The zebra is so astonished at hearing a Siamese cat speaking like a zebra, why, he’s just fit to be tied. So the little cat quickly ties him up, kills him, and drags the better parts of the carcass back to his den. The cat successfully hunted zebras many months in this manner, dining on filet mignon of zebra every night, and from the better hides he made bow neckties and wide belts after the fashion of the decadent princes of the Old Siamese court.He began boastin g to his friends he was a lion, and he gave them as proof the fact that he hunted zebras. The delicate noses of the zebras told them there was really no lion in the neighborhood. The zebra deaths caused many to avoid the region. Superstitious, they decided the woods were haunted by the ghost of a lion. One day the storyteller of the zebras was ambling, and through his mind ran plots for stories to amuse the other zebras, when suddenly his eyes brightened, and he said, â€Å"That’s it!I’ll tell a story about a Siamese cat who learns to speak our language! What an idea! That’ll make ’em laugh! † Just then the Siamese cat appeared before him, and said, â€Å"Hello there! Pleasant day today, isn’t it! † The zebra storyteller wasn’t fit to be tied at hearing a cat speaking his language, because he’d been thinking about that very thing. He took a good look at the cat, and he didn’t know why, but there was something abou t his looks he didn’t like, so he kicked him with a hoof and killed him. That is the function of the storyteller.

Decline of Han and Gupta Dynasty

Matthew Vinas Chapter 510/9/12 The Han dynasty and Gupta India were both large powerful empire who conquered most if not all their surrounding neighbors. They left a impression on the surrounding area and its history. Regardless of this influence they could not avoid the looming end that was coming. Like all large civilizations of its time both Gupta India's and the Han's golden age had to end. There are many reasons for this the largest ones being corrupt or weak government, foreign invasions, and internal rebellion. Gupta India was a highly advance culture containing advance mathematics, astronomy, and city planning.But none of these advancements could save them from the decline and eventual fall of their civilization caused by weak government. Following the death of Skanda Gupta in 467 CE rebellion and civil war began to tear the empire apart causing a time of unsteady rule. The constant rebellion caused the government's power in society to decline to . Due to the decline of gover nment, many necessary part of society had to be ignored in an effort to fix the current problems that were being faced. This neglect allowed for the military to decline resulting in the increasing success of the Huns invasions.These invasions took a heavy toll on the government of Gupta, more specifically its rulers causing them to lose more and more power. This lack of sturdy rule allowed the people of Gupta to rebel against its government and its government officials which lead to the invasions of Gupta. Aside from the weakened monarchy, the very personalities of the later Gupta Kings contributed to the ultimate fall of this dynasty. Similar to Gupta the decline of the Han dynasty can be sum up to three points corrupt and incompetent government and rebellion. isrt of all the governmet of Han was corrupt. Toward the end of Wudi’s reign in 156 BCE, violence erupted between the empress and Wudi’s concubine over the heir to the throne. Eventually, a compromise ruler was chosen, but the decline of the Han Dynasty had already begun. Later emperors were incompetent, and their reigns were marked by corruption, and a lust for immortality. This obsession and corrustion was the main reasons for the constant invasion attempts. The wars and large armies put an enormous burden on the economy.The lack of currency, trade, and natural disasters created an uneasy feeling between the Han nobles and their peasants. The main reason of this is due to massive food shortages caused by the massive overpopulation. To conclude the decline of both civilization were the cause of many factors. Like all large civilizations of its time both Gupta and the Han dynasty had to come to an end. Though different in culture both the Gupta and Han dynasty declined and eventually fall due to its weakened government, constant foreign invaders, and its rebellions.

Essay Plan

The purpose of this assessment is to provide developmental feedback to help you to improve your performance on the final module examination which carries 100% of module marks. Each of the essay questions below will appear as a ‘seen' question on the forthcoming examination paper: engagement in this formative assessment task is therefore essential in your preparations for this. It is imperative that you complete this task to the best of your ability to optimism your level of performance on the doodle overall.Failure to engage with this task is likely to adversely affect your performance on the module. The task You are required to produce an essay plan of 500 words (excluding words In reference list). This should Include the following: 1. An Introduction of 200-250 words written In full with appropriate citations. 2. An outline of the main body which Includes a list of key Ideas/arguments, presented In a logical order Including Indication of key authors. Links to the question sho uld be highlighted to demonstrate relevance of Included material. 3.Outline of conclusion which summaries key points and links back to the question set. 4. Reference list In full which follows Harvard Referencing. You should select ONE of the following questions: A. Perspectives, Perceptions and Selections Outline the social exchange perspective on selection. In what ways does this develop our understanding of the selection process? B. Managing Performance Why Is performance management necessary In organizations? Critically assess the difficulties that arise In Its Implementation. BY MEETS You are required to produce an essay plan of 500 words (excluding words in reference list).This should include the following: 1. An introduction of 200-250 words written in full with appropriate citations. 2. An outline of the main body which includes a list of key ideas/arguments, presented in a logical order including indication of key authors. Links to the question should be highlighted to demo nstrate relevance of included material. 3. Outline of conclusion which summaries key points and links back to the question set. 4. Reference list in Why is performance management necessary in organizations? Critically assess the difficulties that arise in its implementation.

Best Step to Lose Weight

There are some ways to make me to slimmer and more attractive. That is losing weight. All I have to do is follow three big steps below. For me to get skinner is doing more exercise. Some people might be afraid of taking this step, but physical exercise work well in decreasing pounds. Especially three steps are walking, swimming and do aerobic. First, swimming is a good sport for those who not only want to have weight loss but also need to improve their height. Swimming about one to two hours at weekend is enough, because your body may not be familiar with long practice yet.When you are walking, you can burn calories at the same time. Another good exercise to lose weight is aerobics, because it is a high energy activity that uses the entire muscle group in the body. The second step is avoiding food with fat and sugar. For example, instead of three large meals, eat five or six small means or snack a day, and next, because you do exercise, so you need energy to work out, so try to eat p rotein food like fish, egg and fat free or low-fat cheese and drink a lot of water.When you feel hungry, but you already had a meal, you can eat more vegetables and fruits to fulfill your hunger. Third, keep a diary, write down everything that you eat and every minute of exercise that do, then you’ll see how much healthier and stronger you have while you’ve lost weight, and set mini goals is important also. Instead of thinking that you need to lose 10 pounds, think that you want to lose 1 to 2 pounds this week. Or you can focus on non-pound goals like skipping after dinner snacks this week.In conclusion, is to be patient, which is very important. Many people give up their weight lost goals and exercise only within a week. If you stop trying, then nothing changes, and you will be as fatty as, or even fattier than before. Losing weight is not as difficult as is thought if you have enough patience to do exercise, go on a diet and keep your mind at east. Following the step s above, you will be a pro on losing weight and have a good body shape and healthy body.

People go to work for money (critical assessment) Essay

People go to work for money (critical assessment) - Essay Example At the same time, a number of theories in management have seen a different level of job satisfaction that leads to increased productivity. In some people, money plays a great role in ensuring that they work while in some it does not. For instance, as Maslow suggested in his hierarchy of needs model, an individual has to meet their most basic needs to be motivated and work even harder at the workplace. In the lowest level, one needs to meet some of the biological needs that include shelter and food among others. Without this basic need, one is likely not to perform better in the workplace. However, if they are paid to work so that they can meet some of their needs, they are likely to work even harder to enhance their reputation and even earn more. Which affirms the fact that some people got to work for money. In the United Kingdom, there has been a steadily increasing index of people living in poverty. By the year 2013, there were about 10.6 million people living in poverty which has increased from 9.7 million as of 2012 (Croucher, 2014). In fact, a high crime and poverty among people in Seacroft in Leeds has led to increased crimes that at last led to the vacation of residents of the council houses. Lack of employment has been among the highest causes of poverty in the kingdom, which then makes it clear that most people got work to meet their basic needs for the little cash that they make at their places of work. However, majority of others, who have already achieved most of the basic needs, got work for the fact that they love what they are doing and due to the success, they are experiencing in their different disciplines. Northouse, (2012) from his article, confirms that a number of people would get to work even if they were paid or not. For instance, people in the Soviet Union, were able to go to work early for several months even

Federal agency Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Federal agency - Essay Example This part of the paper explains the process and structure by which agency oversees or regulates its working and overall health management processes. There is an Audit Services Division, communal Secretariat Scientific, executive General of Agency, theses department are that is responsible for reporting in a straight line to the Chief Public Health Officer. The Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC) interior Audit purpose gives the Chief Public Health Officer (CPHO), the Minister of Canada, and Agency executive with an autonomous ability to carry out audits that is dependable with agency and central agency strategies; to react to agency main concerns and to augment the effectiveness, efficiency, and financial system of operations. 2 Now paper gives answer of why it is important that this agency oversee or regulate these businesses? agency oversee or regulate these businesses because they are focused on additional effectual hard work to avert chronic diseases, such that HIV, hepatitis, cancer and heart disease, avoid injuries and take action to public health emergencies and communicable disease eruptions, the Public Health Agency of Canada workings intimately with all regions and provinces to keep Canadians strong, healthy and assist decrease pressures on the health care structure. The Agency will be division of the public service and will be leaded by the CPHO (told earlier) who will provide the continuous statement to the Minister of Health of Canada. Health Canada will as well provides details to the Minister of central Canada. 3 This part of the paper outlines the recent actions or ruling has the agency made. Recently the Federal Agency for Health Canada has issued a policy and coordination. It works together with analysts in all region of the Branch to expand eloquent and incorporate Branch policy and as well improve more awareness among the people about chronic diseases. By meeting and producing key

Pat Conroy Beach music Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Pat Conroy Beach music - Essay Example During the course of the story, his character undergoes several changes. The narration takes the reader through the various stages in the author’s life. The first stage is his childhood, which is abnormal because of his alcoholic father and his fake mother. The atmosphere of constant quarrels and tension turns him into a self protective, isolated human being who is rather cold and unable to adequately express his emotions. The second stage his character goes through us escapism and an inability to face up to the guilt he feels that he may have become partly responsible for his wife’s suicide. This leads him to deny having a family and isolates him with his daughter in Rome, for five long years. During the last stage of the story, through the illness of his mother, he is able to finally face up to his inner demons and rediscover his sense of identity and belonging in his family. When the story commences, Jack McCall is intent on fleeing the memories of his wife’s tragic death. He wants to take his daughter away with him to Italy after a custody battle with his in-laws. South Carolina is the place where both he and his wife Shyla had grown up together, but now the place is rife with tragic memories of his wife and unpleasant ones of the custody battle with his in-laws, who blame him for Shyla’s death.

Short Informal Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Short Informal Report - Essay Example During the follow-up visits, I cemented a rapport with the exhibitor representatives and ensured that they received appropriate Indium Corporation literature. Most of the exhibitors were manufacturers of pharmaceuticals, veterinary drugs, agrochemicals, and other chemical products. Chemical products distributors were also well represented. Most manufacturers were interested in the poster since some chemicals that Indium manufactures are raw materials for these companies. A good percentage of the distributors also had an eye on our poster. In total, according to my judgment, about ten exhibitors had a particular interest in Indium Corporation products. Our representatives gave them the Indium Corporation brochure and mini-poster (with Sticker). Five of them received the full-size version of the poster. I told exhibitors that I would telephone them within two weeks for purposes of following up. Richard Harris, technical manager, Grand Saw Machine Company. The company is a distributor of industrial chemicals for metal cutting, maintenance, cleaning, corrosion protection, lubrication, laboratory chemicals, and machine wear reduction. Products include sawing fluids, brighteners, laboratory reactants, sawing fluids, and cleaners. Ronald Franklin, regional manager, Kinex Pharmaceuticals. The company makes pharmaceutical products such as immunology and anti-cancer therapeutics. They thus require starting as well as intermediate raw materials like anhydrous acetate, hydroxide hydrated, and sulfate. Brenda Stinson, General Manager, Dynasty Chemical Corporation. The company requires chemicals from the manufacturing industries in order to distribute to customers. Indium Corporation manufactures most of the chemicals that the distributor needs. The conference gave me an overall impression that that there is a growing market for industrial chemicals.

Whitbread World Sailboat Race Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Whitbread World Sailboat Race - Assignment Example In addition to the higher costs, there is always the potential danger of the quality of the project getting deteriorated due to the rushing of various activities. This problem is often encountered in construction projects where there will be disputes on the delay in the completion as well as the low quality of construction. Another area where the crashing of the project duration is important is the development of a new product that needs to be brought to the market before the competitor does to take the first mover advantages. It may be noted that in these cases the market determines the duration of the project for the development and introduction of the product. For instance, the chance that the firms using moderate to high technology may lose up to 30 percent of the market share with a delay of six months is a factor that drives such firms to crash their new product development project to be completed within or before the stipulated period. Under those circumstances, the firms do not mind the additional costs being incurred in the completion of the project than budgeted as otherwise there is the likelihood they may lose a sizeable market share. With this background this paper presents a report on ways and means for the reduction of the duration of the Whitbread Sail Boat Project which involves the des ign and construction of a sailboat for the Sail Boat team of the company ‘Whitbread’ and the training of the crew so that the sailboat constructed could take part in the World Sail Boat Race. Bjorn Ericksen Project Strategy Analysis The project relates to the design and construction of a sailboat and training of crew to enable. them to take part in the Whitbread Sail Board Race. The boat race is being conducted every year with countries entering their sailboats in the nine-month Round the World Whitbread Sailboat Race. During the recent races, about 14 countries from different parts of the world have entered their sailboats in the race.

Deaf experience Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Deaf experience - Essay Example 488). Further, I learned that this group of people was impulsive to the signs whose underlying meaning seemed abusive or complicated to them despite the use being a normal one. I was nervous while communicating to the deaf people because I was unable to inform them that I was capable of hearing and speaking contrary to their expectations since the majority members in the chatroom were deaf. The fact that I was inconsistent in signing to them with the same speed they took to communicate to me spurred anxiety and I could not contemplate the alternative measures to establish in solving the imminent misunderstandings that would emanate from the delays. Despite bearing knowledge on the signs used by the majority population of people in the deaf culture, I was incompetent in elevating the desired skills as there different types of misunderstandings would result from the different perceptions that different chat members bore towards the signings (Davidson 792). Despite the challenges experienced during the chatroom conversations, the deaf people cooperated and educated me in their experiences while living with the condition as they were growing up. The chatroom experience influenced the understanding that the people were aggressive towards the people who were capable of hearing and speaking holding the belief that such people were ignorant of their inability to hear; hence, the use of verbal communication was deliberate and abusive. Further, I learned that the deaf community perceived that they were normal; hence, they were against any practices expressed by different people whose meaning communicated their inability to participate in verbal communication. Other members with whom I communicated to in the chatroom expressed their dissatisfaction to the practices used by the society in providing special learning centers to the deaf (Hauser

Ree speech on the Internet Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Ree speech on the Internet - Essay Example This is why terror groups use the internet to upload images of inhuman executions and issue terror threats with intent of causing panic and disruption of normal day to day operations. When such information is posted on the internet, it is quickly distributed to countless individuals through social media and other platforms such as email. This makes it impossible to extract such information from the public domain. With restrictions, such information cannot be uploaded to the internet since the source will be afraid that the information will be easily traced to him if control mechanisms are installed. This enhances the security situation of a country and the world at large. Secondly, the internet has been changed into an immoral world where materials such as hate speech, pornography and other lewd materials can be carelessly made available to the general public including underage children. Hate speech is capable of causing public unrest to the extent of causing riots and civil unrest. Unrestricted postage of pornography leads to moral decay since children who frequent the internet are bound to land onto this content. With restricted free speech on the internet, individuals issuing hate speech can be easily be traced for prosecution. Pornographic material made available to the general public including under age children can be controlled and minimized for the benefit of the society. Last but not least, the internet’s purpose is diluted when unrestricted free speech is allowed. Unrestricted speech means that information can be made available to a target audience without confirmation of how legit it is. The internet is an important tool for passing out information. With unrestricted free speech, the internet’s credibility and purpose of sharing information is jeopardized. Establishment of some level of restriction ensures that information

Main idea and themes of Simon Schama's Caravaggio Essay

Main idea and themes of Simon Schama's Caravaggio - Essay Example One of the themes represented is breaching of Renaissance art. Caravaggio went against the rules of Renaissance that is sticking to religious subjects, capturing reality, and depicting mythology in most of their work. He settled for his own style of art; capturing what he saw in real time, and translating it directly onto canvas. The other theme of the video is the use of paintings in the Roman Catholic Church. The [Catholic] church used paintings to seduce people, or â€Å"win souls†. The paintings depicted Christian themes of the Virgin and baby Jesus, and were used to decorate churches. The final theme appearing in the video is the standoff that existed between the Roman Catholic Church and the emerging Protestant Christians. The Protestants were advocating for the destruction of all catholic paintings saying that the Bible is what should guide a Christian, and not paintings. Additionally, the Protestants were attacking the Catholic’s obsession with painting, terming it as idolatry and a misguided

The AG Corps Force Development Update Essay Example for Free

The AG Corps Force Development Update Essay The US Army will undergo massive transformation in terms of modular structure of the war battalion units and the brigade; the Army transformation involves radical augmentation from its Cold War Division (15,000 soldiers) to the Brigade Combat Teams ( 4,000) soldiers and modular multifunctional Support Brigades and sectioning of the fixed headquarters to head Corps/Division and supporting Theater. Such changes will ensure continuity and adherence to the tenets of versatility, flexibility and scalability across the Army as adaptive tactics to the changes in military strategic environment correlated to the current Global War on terrorism, insurgencies in Iraq and adjustment on human resource department (Gallasie, 2008). The introduction of a new tactical transformation in the HR divisiona sophisticated and advance Brigade and Battalion sectionprovides an efficient operations and manning system under Army HRC. In a holistic view, the former organizationsPERSCOM, Personnel Services Battalion and Personnel Detachmentswill be restructured to new unitsthe Human Resource Support Center (HRSC), the Reception, Replacement, Return to Duty, Rest and Recuperation and Redeployment (R5) Team, Platoon and Company Plans and Operations Team, the Casualty Platoon, the Postal Platoon and the Company Plans and Operations Team, the Human Resource (HR) Company Headquarters, the Theater Opening R5 Team, the Military Mail Terminal (MMT) Team, and the discrete BCT/BDE and BN S1 sections (Gallasie 2008). Joint forces between Active Units S1 Section and Army HRC, mandated by Personnel Services Delivery Redesign (PSDR), will organize the existing manning system and personnel management which will include the following plan of action: (1) document the entire S1 section into a single discrete paragraph within all Brigade, HHC MTOE, and recoding Battalion S1 positions as 42-B; (2) new organization previously mentioned above will perform Theater level HR support to the modular Forces; and (3) implementation in the four phases will commenced at the end of FY08 (Gallasie, 2008). The HRSC supports the theater with HR support as directed by the theater and provides oversight of all casualties reporting within the theater of operations and provides technical support to the Postal, R5 and Casualty units as well as providing personnel guidance to G1s and S1s as needed. When requested by the theater commander based on METTTC requirements, the HRSC may deploy to the theater of operations depending upon the population supported. The HRSC support postal, R5, and personnel information flow but does play a direct role in the execution of functions unless otherwise directed by the theater G1. The Casualty Operation Division performs the theater casualty reporting mission, collecting all the casualty reports for the theater and sending to HRC. The HRSC receives technical guidance from HRC and operating guidance from the theater G1. The HRSC is designed with two deployable teams in each division so that the teams representing each function are available to augment other theater-level staff (Gallasie, 2008). The sophistication of the Modular Joint Expeditionary Army provides organization, manning system, equipment, and training to the former battalion organization of the US Army. It is noted that Human Resources Redesign did not actually allocate it’s system of command and troops but rather it arranged it in a manner that it encourages specificity in terms of duties and military work within each newly formed military units. Additionally, military hierarchy was more pronounced which lends continuity to the entire military force. According to Gallasie (2008) such ‘transformation’ will make the US Army ‘more strategically responsive, deployable, agile, versatile, lethal, survivable, and sustainable across the full spectrum of military operations’. He also added that the modularity will provide capabilities to the BCD/BDE Commanders to execute essential personnel services and strength management with organic assets while redesigning and improving theater-level support for postal, R5 and casualty support to the Modular Forces. The structure of the latter create an efficient network connectivity for the tailoring of minimal force structure which will have its advantages in terms of geographic dispersion of combat power along different points of terrorist zones. The concept of the Modular Forces is clearit aims to establish visibility and connectivity between its commands and the component troops. Pilot testing at Fort Campbell revealed some of the several ‘shortfalls’ to the changesadditional workload for the civilians, joint and multinational forces, emergency leave, RR return to duty, reception and other associated problems on replacement, accounting and integration (in AG Corps FDU 05-2 Human Resource Transformation Concept Paper). As Gallasie points out in the article The AG Force Development Update, the personnel transformation is not for changed alone but is a regiment adaptation to the concurrent needs of reducing terrorist acts. While it is true that such sophistication may provide for a more efficient and visible manning system especially during deployment in different geographical locations in terrorism hotspots, a bigger question that we had to acknowledge is how the US Army will deliver the radical changes to the military troops and the time and cost efficiency involve in the HR changes. Will the AG Force Development sustain its objective or will the change give a ruckus to the army administration which will aggravate the problem? Note that terrorism is an ongoing problem and such resolution in the midst of crisis can create potential confusion to the overall administration and likewise its components. This is not to say that the new concept on Personnel transformation is a bad idea. Moreover, the timing for the execution of the concept and its’ immediacy may not be fitting for the current global crisis. Before execution there should be a review on the personnel impact and how the military administration address the problems and the pitfalls associated with such changes. Additionally, there should also be a review on the military technologies and the weaponry involved if such transformation where to take place. Also, ‘support’ extended should be analyzed not only on the basis of HRSC support but other issues as well such as pay and just compensation for services rendered and compensatory damages in case of accidents. Other important points to consider is how the regiment addresses the health and psychological problems associated during deployment to terrorist hotspots. The AG Corps Force Development is far from perfect but given the right adjustment and resolving the loopholes it may provide for a good change in the US Army. Reference Gallasie, D. The AG Corps Force Development Update. The Journal of the Adjutant General Corps Regimental Association, Winter 2005-2006, 23-24.