The Foreign Exchange Market Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The Foreign Exchange Market - Essay ExampleFor example, the zest to secure a remote automobile or to travel abroad produces necessitate for a bullion in which these goods or services are produced. Second reason maybe to acquire foreign bills is to purchase financial assets in a particular currency. The desire to open a bank account, purchase foreign stocks or bonds or acquire direct ownership of real capital would fall into this category. A third reason that individuals demand foreign deputise is to avoid losses or make bread that could arise through changes in the foreign exchange localize. Individuals acquire that currency today at a low price in hopes of selling it at a profit later at a high price and thus make a profit. Such risk taking is activity is referred to as meditation in a foreign currency. Others who have to pay for an imported item in the opening night that the foreign currency will become more(prenominal) valuable in the future and would associate with th e changes in the exchange rate is referred to as hedging. The total demand for a foreign currency at all one point in time thus reflects these three underlying demands the demand for foreign goods and services, the demand for foreign investment and the demand based on risk taking or risk avoiding activity. It should be clear that the demands on the part of a countrys citizens correspond to debit items in the balance-of-payments accounting framework.SUPPLY positionParticipants on the allow for side operate for similar reasons (reflecting credit items in the balance-of-payments). Foreign currency supply to the home country results firstly from foreigners purchasing home exports of goods and services or making unilateral transfers or investment income payments to the home country. For example, U.S. exports of wheat and soybeans are a source of supply for foreign exchange. A hour source arises from foreign purchases of U.S. stocks and placement of bank deposits. Japanese joint ventu res in U.S. automobile or electronic plants are all examples of financial activity that provides a supply of foreign exchange to U.S. Finally, foreign speculation and hedging activities can provide yet a third source of supply. The total supply of foreign exchange in any time period consists of these three sources. The foreign exchange market in the figure below is presented from a U.S. perspective and, like any normal market, contains a downward slanting demand curve and an upward sloping supply curve. The price on the vertical axis is verbalize in terms of domestic currency price of the foreign currency, for example $/franc and the horizontal axis measures the units of Swiss francs supplied and demanded in at various prices (exchange rates). The intersection of the supply and demand curves determines simultaneously the equilibrium exchange rate and the equilibrium quantity of Swiss francs supplied and demanded during a given period of time. An increase in the demand of Swiss fra ncs on the part of the United States will cause the demand curve to shift out to D and the exchange rate to increase to e. Note that the increase in the exchange rate means that it is taking more U.S. currency to buy each

Primary Source Analysis Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Primary base Analysis - Research Paper ExampleHe describes the rise of Christians against the Jews as an actus reus in view and wonders whether was re completelyy inspired by God. Albeit of Aura wanted to portray that the attacks on Christian were not cause by their duty to defend their religion, but it was out of pure greed for wealth. He claims that in all the successful expeditions the Christians took and shared the large amount of Jews wealth Ekkehard of Aura describes Emico, a Christian soldier as to be of ill morals and compares him to the biblical Saul whose main aim was to persecute the Christians. He describes expeditions oer Emicos leaders as inconsiderate and ruthless. Ekkehard states that the Christians were out to attack any Jew they came on with no consideration on their support of Christianity. He tries to bring out a point that, Christians goal was to destroy the Jews and plume them of their possessions. Ekkehard and Alberts claims are somehow different from the letter of Aymeric to Louis II of France. Aymeric letters was meant to put across a message of suffering the Christians were veneering in the hands of the many organized Jews. The letter was written in such a way of life to convince the King to offer the Christians support as a fight back toward the many Jews. Aymeric portrays a weak Christian society against a large group of Jews. Albert and Ekkehard notes the Christians cruelty, lack of benignity and persecution of the Jews because of their own race. From their presentation of the message the two authors describes Christians acts towards the Jews with a lot of personal feelings attached. He portrays their support for the Jews especially where they use strong abusive words to describe the Christians as greedy, cruel, and merciless and error minded. Amyrec on the other side on his letter to the king of France is seen requesting on enforcement against the Jews. The attacks on the Jews that occurred during the first oppose were cr uel and unnecessary acts that have drawn the line between the future Catholics and Jews. But there is no clear evidence on whether the Catholics organized the crusades specifically targeting theJews or it what motivated by the need to rob them their wealth. Amyrec letter shows the catholic Christians request for assistance from the westward world (France). If the attacks on the Jews originated from the western world, then this doesnt display the so called a strong usage of hatred to the Jews communities. If what Ekkehardof Aura witnessed is anything to go by then, it was wrong for very many innocent Jews to be killed on the eyes of the concerned Catholics, with no act to alter the situation, and that so many people were misled into doing injustices and enter into conflicts with strangers whom they had nothing to hold against, whose possessions made them a viable target for greedy and inhuman soldiers. The evidence portrayed by the following authors could install fear, be amiss an d hatred among the Jews and the Catholics but its not strong enough to claim that there is a tradition for the Jews people. Such claims on the part of the Jews sympathizers will arouse the negative sentiments toward the Christians as the Jews considered them as idolaters and for this reason they had no respect for the Christians symbols and religion at large. A large group of soldiers consisting of

Role of the scientist in Mary Shelley's Frankenstein Essay

berth of the scientist in Mary Shelleys Frankenstein - Essay Examplevolved in these debates being waged, particularly as newspapers and other periodicals became much available thanks to the introduction of the printing press. These new media proved essential in introducing and importanttaining widespread talk about in the political and social issues of the day, not just in the form of non-fiction news articles, but also in the form of fiction novels. The Victorian novel, with its emphasis on the realistic portrayal of social life, stand for many Victorian issues in the stories of its characters (The Victorian Age, 2007). One of these debates was the question of the proper role of the scientist in the contemporary age, addressed in the novel Frankenstein written by Mary Shelley.In this novel, Victor Frankenstein, the main protagonist, stretches the bounds of technology to its limit takes the concept of new technology to its ultimate limit trying to switch death by re-animating dead tissue, trying to create life on his own terms. The science of the by is criticized for its inability to produce on its premises just as the science of the present is criticized for its lack of imagination. The antique teachers of this science, said he Frankensteins first professor, promised impossibilities, and performed nothing. The modern masters promise very little they realize that metals cannot be transmuted, and that the elixir of life is a chimera (Shelley, 1993 40). However, there is also an upper end to how utmost science should strive. Victor Frankenstein, the modern Prometheus seeks to attain the knowledge of the Gods, to enter the sphere of the creator rather than the created (Bushi, 2002). Frankenstein imagine himself creating a better human than the one created by God, presuming he could somehow circumvent the powers of nature conventional by God to impose the better, stronger and more economic powers of man. The comment that seems evident in Frankenstein is that God has creaky Man the

No fast food Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

No disruptive food - Essay ExampleEating no flying food has various benefits such as reducing body weight and consuming improved nutrition just to mention a few. However, galore(postnominal) medical experts see reducing health risks as the major advantage of consuming no libertine foods. Unlike fast food that medical practitioners associate with development of deadly ailments like high parentage pressure, obesity, and heart diseases, no fast foods are well prepared thus promote a rosy life. Most of them do not contain saturated fats that ends up depositing in the blood vessels inform of cholesterols. white plague of no fast foods that are healthy prevents obesity and leads to a healthy improved nutrition that reduces chances of ontogenesis chronic health conditions.Fast foods have a number of benefits though the most evident merit of fast food is the element of saving time. There is nothing that is as important as getting a ready meal especially in the modern fast-spaced life whereby everybody is busy with work. Despite the extreme praises that freshly foods get from chefs, people end up finding themselves taking fast foods like pizzas and burgers after a busy day that makes one feel exhausted and hungry. Preparing ones meal might be a difficult and time-consuming task especially if the necessary ingredients are not readily available. This font makes consuming fast food get extra score compared to cooking meals for a busy person. The primary(prenominal) disadvantage of no fast food is the issue of inconvenience and the amount of time that is consumed during their preparation

Marketing Plan for a Mobile Application Business Plan Coursework

Marketing Plan for a Mobile Application Business Plan - Coursework Example there is extensive requirement of a holistic time management applications in the market, which ad hominem Time double-decker would be able to fulfill. It would be able to assist people to plan out their official and individualised activities (Blythe, 2009). Apart from managing the office projects, the time management apps would be also helpful in tracking move on and reminding the user, whether his/ her daily goals are met or not. A single app capable of managing, tracking and reminding every detail would be surely a unique selling proposition (USP) for the company. Moreover, this app would be able to grab the customer secondary of those apps which do not have multiple usages. This section would be including a comprehensive analysis of the marketing plan for Personal Time Manager. Aspects like market segment, target customers, competitors, buyers, and strategies would be also included in the domain of t his marketing plan. 5.1 Marketing Segmentation Market segmentation is a part of the marketing outline which assists in segregating the consumers in homogeneous groups based on their involves, preferences, and other criteria. Though there are umpteen products for which segmentation is not required because these are manufactured for the mass, but in this case the product or service is a paid time management application for Smartphone users, such as for customers using Iphone, humanoid based phones, Mac or iPad. Segmenting the market would assist the company to choose and identify the segment that they wishing to target for their product or service. However, users of mobile applications can be segregated on the basis of their age, gender, income level, as well as usage (Brassington and Pettitt, 2007). The users or customers can be segregated on the basis of their income level, need for time management, and frequency of usage. Income level is considered because generally students do not prefer to buy apps for mobile phones. They quite an download freeware from internet while professional prefer to have paid services because they find them secure, buffer and convenient. Further, they also extensively require time management apps to fit in every function at bottom scheduled time. The frequency of usage in such cases is high. Even companies buy such apps for their employees, and it is used systematically in the organizations for scheduling daily operational functions (Buono, and Savall, 2007). 5.2 Competitor Analysis The market of mobile applications is extremely rivalrous because there is abundant availability of mobile apps. Even when there are various freeware in the market, there is a wide user base for paid time management and productivity apps. In such a scenario, Personal time Manager will face difficulty in the market (Evans, Ahmad, and Foxall, 2009). Personal Time Manager would face competitors like Microsoft OneNote, SmartTime, Microsoft CloudOn, OmniFocus, SpringPad, Wunderlist 2, Google QuickOffice Pro HD, MediaFire, Astrid tasks, Google Docs, Evernote, Remember the Milk, Any. DO, Toggl Online Timer, TeamWeek, Spotify, Checklist Wrangler, Shopper, Remind You, Things, and many more (Mobi Thinking, 2013). more or less of these applications assist the mobile users to keep track of their time, tasks, documents and online files, but none of them can claim to be

Implementation of Knowledge Mining with Ontology Research Paper

Implementation of noesis Mining with Ontology - Research Paper Example22). Knowledge mining is the process of merging informationbases together, machine experience, statistics and any other linked area so as to obtain important facts and information in bulky quantity of data. Organizations are required to know their data models and pattern (NEMIS. Conference, p. 1). Multi agent mining is the process in which knowledge is mined in a bigger quantity victimization a variety of agents. Cloud computation applications In cloud computing the opposed computer does not have to do more and heavy processes any more when running processes. Servers on the cloud network run this processes instead. This help in reduction of users need for computer hardware and software. The following are more reasons to why most companies and organizations should consider cloud computing cloud computing gives an alternative of storing data in another computers hardware. Computer users are able to gain access their data and applications wherever at anytime. Cloud computing reduces IT support expenses whereby incase of a technical issue its solved online. It also reduces cost on hardware such as hard drive. One does not have to buy a hard drive with large memory (Strickland, p. 3). We have a snatch of cloud computing services provided by Google. The applications are as follows Google Talk is a communication application that allows personal computer user to chat, send and receive inscriptions and mails. Gmail is a calendar and an email application that allows severally user store files and documents up to 7GB. The other Gmail services are ability to chat, receive mails and enjoy vulgar calendar options. Website applications provides Google site services to design websites that include built in videos, calendars and pictures. Google Docs are applications that offer document designing and sharing online. Other applications include groups that allow one to arrange folders and favorites wh ich assist in retrieving the uninformed mails (Regina, Budnikas and Ambraziene, p. 263). A Matlab tool accelerates and eases applications when using GPU computing compared to when using FORTRAN or C. The user is able to employ double computing toolbox when using GPUs in conjunction with Matlab tools. Parallel computing supports Nvidia Cuda GPUs, many GPUs and GPU operate unbowed from Matlab. Parallel computing toolbox allows the user compute and work out bulky data difficulties using computer clusters, multi processors and GPUs (MathWorks, p. 1-7). Other cloud computing tools include VOIP, Phone systems, Blog, Wiki and social media tools. VOIP allows users make calls on the internet, for framework Skype. Skype allows multiple or group calls at once. The phone system allows one to have a Google utterance account that contributes to a cloud based voice mail and responding system. (Jamsa and Jamsa, p. 86- 92). Ontology applications Ontology is used to design and manage the knowled ge applications. These applications are associated with the phase of software lifecycles and are concerned with specific components of software such as the ascendancy module, data base and user interface. In order for the application to work more efficiently in ontology deployment and processing, additional tools are used. The ontology editor is one of the applications in the web and is used to manipulate ontology as it helps in the process of ontology translation to implemented language. They are in the HTML form and enable the

Starting a Business Online, Part 1 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Starting a Business Online, Part 1 - Assignment ExampleIt is composed of data exchange in order to facilitate the payment and finance aspects of line of credit transactions (Robinson, 2010). My local clothing store will obviously fetch me advantages when I round it into an e-commerce. However, am likely to consider some limitations as well. The invention of powerful online tools and fast and quick meshwork connectivity has brought about new arena of commerce. This is what my clothing line is turning to when I take it online. From a hit the books analysis I carried out, I will gain various advantages including Easy to begin and manage the business Easy access of the products as well as faster selling and demoralizeing procedures Selling and buying is done twenty four hours No costs of company set ups are incurred Better shade products and services as well as low costs of operation There are no geographical limitations Product or service selection is easily done without physica lly moving nigh to providers The visibility of search engine makes it easy to get more customers Cost effective marketing and publicise through social media Virtual store visits by customers eliminating travel cost and time Facilitates comparable shop by customers Provide for coupons, bargains, deals and group buying Provision for abundant product and service information Targeted talk is created between stores and customers enhancing customer service Niche products can easily be located by the customers economic in terms of infrastructure and insurance investment Creation of knowledge markets (Olsen, 2010). On the other hand, I am likely to experience specific limitations associated with e-commerce. As a clothing line, I suspect the by-line disadvantages Customers have had bad experience with fraudulent site and may not be willing to buy products online. Customers fear lack of guarantee of the quality of the products E-commerce is prone to attack by hackers There may be unfort unate customer loyalty due to minimum company to customer direct interaction essential business processes may be negatively affected by mechanical failures Lack of personal pertain with customers and other businesses Delays in products delivery to customers and may result into customers demoralization Customers do not get to experience goods before delivery after purchase Financial security concerns are likely to be experient by customers paying via credit cards Computer viruses may cause delays, storage problems, and file backups jumper cable to customer inconveniences Stiff competition with the large scale businesses that have brand loyalty may pass away to constant losses There may be need for electronic malls as intermediaries to guarantee the actualness of transactions since the business will be new online. Poor customer relations leading to poor customer loyalty Corporate vulnerability due to the availability of details and catalogs as well as information regarding the business to the competitors (Olsen, 2010) Electronic commerce faces various issues as it is considered an international commerce regardless of size. Issues to do with trust, language, culture, infrastructure, and government are likely to be faced by my clothing line. I will flesh trust with my customers through offering quality products to them and discounts on sale. I will also provide genuine websites with http to assure trustworthiness.

Dunkin Donuts case Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Dunkin Donuts case - Essay ExampleWith this concern, the essay forget qualitatively along with financially analyze and recommend better implementation strategies for DD in addressing and mitigating the aforementioned issues. II. DUNKIN DONUTS AND TOMMYS FRANCHISE STORE ANALYSIS Tommy evict be apparently observed as serving a privilege owner of DD for more than 17 years. However, as days passed, the performance of Tommys remembering declined as per the standard of Customer Satisfaction Guide (CSG). This eventually resulted in deteriorating the franchisee standard of DD. Besides, DD has in like manner been qualification complaints against Tommy close to his non-payment of fees to DD within the stipulated fourth dimension period. Thus, considering the aforementioned situation, it can be affirmed that DD should disenfranchise its affiliation with Tommy and restructure the barge in into a company-own establishment. The company-owned store would certainly assist DD towards make g reater sales through having greater ensure over the operational functions (Trefis, How Important Are social club Owned Stores to Mcdonalds Stock ?). However, prior to making this decision, certain options that have been provided to this situation require to be analyzed. These options have been elaborated hereunder. 1) Maintaining Tommy as Franchisee. The initial option, which has been provided to DD in this situation, is keeping Tommy as the franchise owner till the end of the contract. It can be affirmed that this event option would not be appropriate for DD owing to Tommys bad performance in maintaining the standards of his franchise store, which in turn, affected the brand image of DD at large. In addition, the non-payment of fees in a fixed time period by Tommy might also generate certain potential problems between him and DD. Thus, this option would not be relevant for DD in the situation of buying the store of Tommy with the lowest probable price. 2) Royce as a New Franchis ee Replacing Tommys Position. The second option of replacing Tommy with another franchise named Royce has been given to DD. It is powerfully believed that Royce entrust not only be able to meet the industry standards, but would also retort significant profits to DD. Therefore, this particular option can be justified on the grounds that DD will get 4.5 and 4.9% variable fee along with additional rental fee above sales of $165,000. 3) Company Owned Store at Tommys Franchise. The third option is to form a company owned store at Tommys franchise. This could be a favorable option for DD in terms of making significant profits. Assuming that this particular store would generate a sale of $ 290,000 and the total profit permissiveness of a company owned store is of 13%, the total cash flow and the profit valuation reserve of a company owned store would be more as compared to a franchise store. This can be better understood with the help of the following tabular representation. Apart from attaining substantial profitability, DD can also be benefitted from this option i.e. setting up a company owned store at Tommys franchise in terms of effectively monitoring the store, scrutinizing customers voice and controlling various operational functions of the store efficiently contributing further to its well-built brand image (Chabaud and Saussier, Incentives and Control In Company-Owned Vs. Franchised Outlets An Empirical Study At The Chain

Human Resource Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Human imagination instruction - Essay ExampleThis helps in the HR planning processes that entail incorporation of reward systems and extend of responsibilities for workers. Furthermore, the termination of services of workers also f alls under the HRM department is expected to use proper bring that are fair and transparent to uphold integrity. This also includes the guiding reasons for terminating the services of an employee through effective tribunals that come up tenets of justice and equality. There are several differences between personnel management and Human Resource Management in every organization such Coca Cola Company. For example, in terms of nature relations, HRM deals with unitarist hear while personnel four-in-hand leans with pluralist view. Therefore, in terms of a unitarist perspective, the HRM coordinates with the management and staff through a common vision for the establishment of a mission for the attainment of business goals. Additionally, the vision targets the achievement of correlative interest whereby the needs of corporations are met by employers and employees (Yeandle 2003, p. 123). However, with personnel management, there is a centralization of power whereby all powers are held by the top management. Therefore, this influences decision-making where all suggestions rest on the management excluding the personnel manager. Alternatively, there is a difference in leadership and management responsibilities between HRM and personnel manager. For example, while leadership style is the speech pattern in personal management, in HRM it is transformational. Another difference is the contract of employment whereby there is a gull written employee contract in personnel management while HRM emphasize on one-time-long contract (DuBrin 2008, p.167). This path that there is less rigidity in the terms and conditions for employees. In other words, there is flexibility in terms of approach to the contribution of knowledge and skills for the org anization. Therefore, there are numerous HRM related roles and responsibilities of line manager

ASIAN HUMANITIES RESEARCH PAPER Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

ASIAN arts - Research Paper ExampleThis reinforced Guru Nanaks conviction in the importance of man and his slew rather than any metaphysical doctrine which classified and segregated people according to a club system. In the early casteless Sikh community, lower caste Hindus and those considered as untouchable, euphemistically termed as Harijans or Gods people were allowed to become members of the Sikh community (Kapoor 5109). However, over time, through the becharm of other(a) already- existing religions such as Hinduism where a rigid caste system prevailed, Sikhs became differentiated into castes and sects. thesis Statement The purpose of this paper is to investigate the claim that there is no caste system in Sikhism. Caste differentiations in Britain, the existence of lower caste Sikh communities, and the discriminations they have to face will be identified and examined to prove that caste system does exist among the Sikhs.In the early centuries of its evolution, Sikhism had n o differentiation into a hierarchy of caste groups. During the first two hundred years of the Sikh religion beginning from the mid-fifteenth century, a line of Gurus or preceptors guided the community. The tenth in line, Guru Gobind Singh (1666-1708), dissolved the position of the personal Guru, and vested the Gurus authority some(prenominal) in the Adi Granth or original book of Sikh scripture, as well as in the Panth or community (Mann 2001). Gradually differentiation into various caste groups emerged in the Punjab in India, the home state of the Sikhs and other Punjabis, and persisted among Sikh communities living in other parts of the world.At the sub-identity level today, caste forms a major divisive factor in Sikhism. However, the majority of Gurudwaras or Sikh places of worship in Britain belong to the Sikh mainstream composed of Jats, they do not discriminate between

Trends of electronic communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Trends of electronic communication - Essay ExampleWith the help of webcams, this technology allows communicators to see unmatched another in accepted time making messages ofttimes precise and understandable. It until now has the disadvantage of not facilitating communication between individuals when one is offline.E-mail is a communication method that involves the exchange of messages of digital temperament from one author to a single or numerous pass catchers. E-mails have the advantage of storing and forwarding messages, this thereof implies that both the sender and the recipient are not required to be online simultaneously to communicate. This was not however the case at the inception of e-mails when communication could only occur if both parties were online at the same time, more of what is presently the case with second gear messaging. It has the advantage of storing information for future reference purposes with e-mails being utilize as evidence of communication if th at need arises. The main advantage of e-mails however, is the inability to receive instant responses especially if the recipient is offline.Unlike e-mails and Instant Messaging, this technology enables individuals to share information with multiple users at the same time. This is unlike instant messaging where communication is on a one on one basis. Users in chat room usually have common interests and that makes sharing of similar information among many realistic. In as much as chat rooms allow people to communicate with multiple individuals of identical interest, it has posed a moral dilemma with users using these rooms for sexual purposes giving birth to sexual predators who hide their real identities to advance their evil sexual agenda (Thurlow, Tomic, & Lengel, 2004). Some of these rooms are moderated but the most used have no sculptural relief whatsoever, which is a disadvantage since users could be underage individuals who should not under moderation be allowed to access the rooms, especially those of

Case Study-Apple in 2010 Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

-orchard apple tree in 2010 - Case Study ExampleBy 2004 the unanimous held a 70% grocery share in the digital music industry. The success of the iPod helped build the trade name value of the company. The popularity of the brand helped the company revive its estimator employment. In 2005 the firm held a market share of 4% in the estimator business which was a tremendous feat considering the firm had less than a one part share a few years earlier. The transformation of Apple helped the firm visualize opportunities in opposite markets such as the cellular industry. In 2007 Apple released a production that changed the cellular industry. The iPhone was the first smartphone. Steve personal line of credits leadership was critical to the success of the company. He pushed his engineers and staff to provide innovative ideas. He likewise had the foresight of getting rid of unprofitable business segments and divisions. The firm had great leadership which motivated the employees to gr asp their potential. The COO of the company, Tim Cook, was also instrumental in the success of the company. Apple Computers adapted well to market changes. The firm realized that the success of the company relied on the ability of the firm to look beyond the computer sphere of influence for sales. During the 21st century the generic strategy of the company evolved and the firm started utilizing a diversification strategy. Diversification harvest makes sense when good opportunities can be found outside the present businesses (Kotler, 2003, pg. 101). The three main business segments Apple penetrated are the computer industry, cellular products, and music media players. The computer industry in 2009 was consolidated with phoebe bird vendors accounting for 78.5% of the U.S. shipments and 60.3% of the sales worldwide (Marino & Gamble, 2010). The recession of 2008-2009 slowed down the appendage in sales and negatively wedged the prices of computers. By the second quarter of 2010 indus try sales rose once again experiencing a growth of over 20%. A tendency among computer users was replacing desktop computers with laptops and notebooks. As of 2010 Apple contempt the fact that a growing number of its sales came from non-computer products considered the computer division its core business. The Mac product line differentiated itself from the competition due its superb quality, superior operating system and graphic interface. The market share of the company jumped from 4% in 2005 to 8% by 2009. The firm benefited from a halo exploit of users of iPod and iPhone wanting a computer product from the same brand. The computer product offering of the company include the Mac Pro, iMac, and Mac Mini. The notebook offering of Apple was composed of the MacBook Pro, MacBook, and the MacBook Air. The most recent innovation to the Apple line of computer products was the MacBook Air. This notebook targeted customers that seek durability and portability. The computer was designed to have a tiptop of 0.76 inches when closed and it weighted only three pounds. All Apple desktop and notebook products were priced at a premium. This strategy helped boost the profitability of the company. Due to the fact that Apple no longer depended solely on computer sales the strategy worked better than in the past. In order to boost the demand for its computer products the company implemented a 10% or more discount on all its computer products in June of 2009. The law of supply and demand states that a decrease in price will

Advice on Advancing Funds against Military Retirees Pensions Case Study

Advice on Advancing Funds against Military Retirees Pensions - Case Study ExampleUnconscionability is a legal principle in contract law relating to conditions which are so much unfair or substantially skewed to advantage the party with greater bargaining power. As such, the contracts made therefrom negate the values of good moral sense in the contract. Generally, an unconscionable agreement is considered to be invalid because the disadvantaged party would not have concord to it under reasonable circumstances. As such, the party with greater bargaining power is not usually permitted by courts to enjoy the benefit(s) because the contract lacks sufficient consideration by the other party for a fair component part of the risks and benefits.Unconscionable contracts are determined by assessing the conditions of the contractors when the agreement was made, such as each partys knowledge or mental competence, age, and bargaining power. Other equally vital pointors are lack of options and acts of inducement. Wasik illustrious that unconscionable behavior is also occasioned by misrepresentation of fact and fraud, especially where intentional distortion of fact results in the loss of a valuable asset. When an individual or party benefits from a contract to the outrage of another, the perpetrator may be liable for criminal fraud or deceit in a civil action. In Universal Grading Service v. eBay, Inc., 2009 U.S., eBays actions of influencing the value of the coin in its online auction bridge processes were found to be conscionable because it was not fraudulent.In this case, the test for unconscionability will depend on whether the armed forces retirees had the ability to match the Clients when they were forming the contract.

Small and Medium Enterprises Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Small and Medium Enterprises - Essay ExampleThe economic downturn brought about financial difficulties in SMEs and at the same time, lenders could not guarantee access to additional funds. Some of the SMEs were forced to shut collectible to financial difficulties and bankruptcy. The level of investments in SMEs also declined due to lack of funds for investments (Stokes and Wilson, 2010). One of the factors that limited the office of SMEs to access credit during the fadeout was the tight credit controls. The giving medication efforts to control the level of money ply lead to high interest rates. Banks had to raise their lending rates and tighten their credit policies to comply with government regulations. Consequently, the SMEs that could not meet these new credit terms could not access funds from banks to finance their operations. SMEs were more(prenominal) vulnerable to the negative effects of the recession of business operations compared to large firms. This is because SMEs l ack resource and merchandise man violence to withstand sudden environmental changes. The changes in the global economic environment brought about by the 2008 recession had severe effects on SMEs especially on the young and new business (Stokes and Wilson, 2010). The 2008 recession forced organisations to lay off many employees to survive. The level of production reduced and layoffs were used as a way of trim the cost of production. SMEs were not spared from this move and they too had to lay off a epoch-making list of their employees. This means that they would later incur additional labour costs of recruiting and training new employees aft(prenominal) the economic recovery. The performance of SMEs in terms of output production and revenues was severely affected during the recession. The effects on performance were more severe in high risk SMEs relative to menial risk SMEs. lofty risk organisations tend to excite high debt to assets ratios. These organisations were forced to take drastic measures of laying off their employees and reducing the dividends paid to shareholders (Stokes and Wilson, 2010 Richard 2011). The profitability of SMEs reduced during the recession and the level of competition increased as well. The demand for products was low and thus, firms intensified their marketplaceing activities to attract customers. However, the effectiveness of the marketing strategies was limited by the reducing purchasing power of the consumers during the recession. The SMEs across Europe faced excessive regulations administration, lack of skilled human resources and high costs of productions (Richard 2011). caput 2 Reasons why smallish firms dominate some market structures There are many theories that develop why small firms dominate certain market structure. The technical efficiency theory argues that the existence of small firms in a certain market will depend on economies of scale. Industries with large economies of scale compared to the market size tend to have many small firms and a few large firms that control the market. However, the number of small firms in such markets may increase if the concentration ratios and the economies of decline. The size of a market or its geographical distance has an effect on its composition. A large geographical distance will results in high transportation costs for large firms. Such a market will also have diseconomies of scale. Consequently, there will be more small firms than large firms in the market.

Factors Influencing Process Design Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Factors Influencing Process Design - Essay ExampleThe choice of materials is one factor that affects the process rule of growths. In the process of choosing the right material for products, there are a number of factors that are considered in relation to material choice (Cresswell, 2002). Quantity of products to be manufactured, grocery store costs and product use are the factors associated with material choice. The material to be used should consider what environment and the product will be used. For example, when manufacturing cups for taking tea, the material used should be able to withstand hot or cold temperatures and washing. The quantity of products to be manufacturedrelates to the amount required to be sold to the target market. For example, a large amount of cups can be manufactured if many orders are required by the client. Moreover, marketing cost refers to the final product costs. The closedown costs of products should not exceed the cost that product will be sold in the market so long as it can perform the function it was manufactured for and reflects the quality (Kalakul et al, 2014).Product purpose seaworthiness and durabilityare other factors that influence product design. This means that the product should do the function it was designed for. For example, a cup is manufactured for the purposes of taking liquids such as tea. Other factors such as weight and size should be considered when designing products.The weight and size should be reasonable in order to perform its intended purpose. Therefore, when considering product fitness, designers should establish all the important elements of the product

Women in Shakespeare's Merchant of Venice Essay

Women in Shakespeares Merchant of Venice - Essay ExampleUndoubtedly, Shakespeare is the most famous and well known playw redress of the English language and Merchant of Venice is one of his most performed plays even out though the focus of the play is a great deal the feature of Shylock, the character of Portia clay quite important since she represents the highest values that Christian virtue could appeal to during the times. In this manner, the female characters become significantly more important than their male counterparts who may show weakness and even a defeatist attitude (Sanders, 1968).Portia outshines the men in the play particularly with regard to virtue since she remains dutiful to the orders of her dead father even though her heart tells her to do otherwise. She is divinely rewarded when the man she loves makes the right choice with regard to the lead, silver and gold boxes. Like many other Shakespearean women, Portia becomes an important character despite the presen ce of other strong characters such as Anotnio and Shylock. Even though the position of women in shakespeares times was not one which could have made this a realistic play, the approach interpreted by Shakespeare certainly makes Portia the strongest character.Interestingly, Shakespeare was living at a time when the most powerful ruler in Europe was a lady who founded the British Empire as it took shape for centuries to come. While the Christian belief at the time may have seen women to be fickle, fragile and weak, a ruler as a woman meant that the qualities of Portia were completely natural since she certainly displays kingly virtues of intelligence and mercy. There is certainly some genial hypocrisy in this situation since women had little rights in society at the time and even Portia was not the mistress of her own destiny, yet she saves Antonio and even forgives Shylock after she has won her case.Portia eloquently describes the qualities of mercy which is a Christian ideal and i s something heroes would show to their

Drug test Essay Example for Free

Drug test Essay causal agent Study Analysis Paper COMM/215 Oct 20, 2014 Winifred Donnelly ? Case Study Analysis Paper In the case playing area, Carl is a new recruiter for ABC Inc. Upon being designate to his position, he beat expectations by successfully hiring several new large number despite his lack of cadence on the job. Because of this, he probably feels a lot of pressure to succeed and continue to perform erupt than his previous efforts at all sequences. He has do a number of mis conveys in the case study and is at a loss as to what he should do next. Specifically, well look at the mistakes Carl made, what he should.have done in the first dumbfound, and the options he has available to him now to correct the mistakes hes made. First of all, Carl started finish wrong by assuring Monica that everything would be taken care of in time and leaving it at that. There is quite a bit involved with making sure each issue forth has their applications and resumes alter fo rth and submitted correctly. Additionally, medicate book binding is something that has to be done at an approved facility for your comp any(prenominal) or corporation since there are potential legal issues if the urinalysis tests are done at your place of business.Even hospitalssend their employees urinalysis bottles to other medical facilities to have them checked rather than doing the drug screening at their own facility though there are companies that are offering on-site drug testing (OHS Health and Safety Services, Inc. , 2014). Physicals are also a potential headache to schedule for as yet one person, let alone a group of people. Rarely does it ever seem that a relate isnt busy doing something. People are constantly maintain sick, injured or dying and its the posits duty to wait on them even if that means making their death less painful for them.Trying to get a doctorto conduct a physical isnt necessarily difficult, one just needs to schedule the appointment a calenda r month or two in advance which Carl did not do. As for the booklets, pamphlets, and manuals, Carl should have looked into getting those accountability away instead of blowing it off. This particular problem isnt quite as dire as the drug screening or the physical, only if it will take anywhere from a few days to a workweek or more to get all the literature he is termination to need for the new rents. Finally, he should have de- conflicted the training classroom schedule with the other departments in the company.In anyorganization, there is a need for some kind of classroom environment that is conducive to learning but it doesnt do you any good if someone else is using the classroom when you need it. With this in mind, there was a schedule on the wall that Carl checked when he went to the classroom that projected out for at least a month or two. Carl waited too long to get his reservation placed in the calendar because Joe has the room for the sopor of the month or more. Carl was off to a good start despite all the issues found with how he has handled the situation so far. Carl established himself asa quick learner and hard worker by making successful hires so quickly into his job time as a recruiter. Some people would say that the job is aboutly natural skill because it only involves talking to people, but there is some(prenominal) more to it than that. Obviously, otherwise Carl would not have found himself in the mess he is in now. On top of talking with potential hires about the company, what they are all about, what they are looking for, and how the potential hire could fit into the job, they have to seal the deal by ensuring the hire meets all the companys qualifications too.If the potential hire isnt capable of meeting the basic company standards of education, behavior, attitude, ethics, etc. and then they likely will not be a productive member of the workforce and its the recruiters job to find those things out on his/her own or go about makin g sure the potential hire gets to the right organization that hindquarters find that out. Upon receiving the ear scream call from Monica, Carl should have pulled out a pad of paper, his scheduling calendar, and a writing utensil and made notes during his conversation with Monica.He should have found out exactly what she wanted to happen and give her conterminous feedback with his own ideas and timelines related to how long it would take to accomplish a certain task or the timeframe he would need to get an individual hire ready to start working. Once they had both come to an savvy on the plan they would use to get the hires ready to become employees, they could have both hung up the phone with a positive feeling of accomplishment and understanding. Carl should have started going about accomplishing said plan as soon as he hung up with Monica.The first things to be scheduled should be the things that are the near difficult to schedule the physical and drug screening. With those t wo things out of the way and taken care of, Carl should wee sure he brings in and talks to face to face at least three hires a day to go over 1 / 2 their applications and resumes to make sure they are complete and fill out correctly. As an added bonus, if Monica had a particular format she desires on a resume, when Carl brings in the hires he quite a little help them re-write their resumes so they meet Monicas desired format.Once the appointments have been scheduled and forwards individual meetings with the hires take place, classroom space should be reserved for the orientation. If the situation still plays out the way it is currently then Carl will have to find someplace else to conduct the orientation unless he ignore work out a deal with Joe. Depending on how long Carl will need the classroom, perhaps he can dockage in, conduct orientation, and slip right back out while Joes class is on lunch or out at another site doing on-the-job-training (OJT).Finally, the literature sho uld be compiled between meeting each hire and helping them with their paperwork. If need be, Carl can request more literature from whichever department of the company issues those documents, he can purchase order them himself from their distributer, or have an assistant take them down to a place like Kinkos and get copies made. With the situation being what it is for Carl now, he still has several options open to him if he could get himself in a state of mind to recognize them. The drug screening and the physicals are going to give him the hardest time so heshould try to get them taken care of first.If hes able to schedule his hires before the orientation battle then he is good, but if not he should go ahead and schedule them when he can and adjust based on that. The problems hes facing with the paperwork can be handled fairly easily by getting one good copy of each pamphlet, manual, etc. and get copies made or requisition more from the department in charge of stocking those suppl ies. They may not be happy being asked to cough up a whole mess of literature on short notice, but that is part of their job and he should do something to make itup to them in the future.It is important to be on good terms with the tribe who are in charge of supplies, especially from a military standpoint. As far as determination classroom space, Carl should approach Joe with his problem and see if he can fit his class in before or after one of Joes classes. If not, Carl should look into booking a conference room similar to the ones most hotels have for rent or like some substituteaurants have where the room is closed off from the rest of the dining floor. Either way, Carl has options in that regard as well.Additionally, and here is the hard part, Carl is most likely going to have to let Monica know that her new hires might not be ready in the timeframe they previously agreed upon. Due to his inexperience and lack of time on the job, this should not be a career-ender for Carl bu t it isnt going to make Monica happy with him. If Carl is able to still get everything in order in time to conduct the orientation on the date he agreed to with Monica, then everything is good.Carl is in a hardy position, but hes not out of the fight yet. Carl made somemistakes, mostly due to inexperience or perhaps he became cocky after doing so well on his previous recruiting scenario. In order to get back on his feet and save face, Carl has several different routes he can take to get his mission accomplished. Ultimately, Carl should do his best to right his wrong, get his mission accomplished, learn from his mistakes and press on. References University of Phoenix. (2014) Week deuce supplement, Case Study for Student Analysis. Electronically retrieved October 19, 2014 from University of Phoenix, Week Two, Resource.COMM215 Essential of College Writing OHS Health and Safety Services, Inc.. (2014). on-the-scene(prenominal) drug testing services versus clinic services. Retrieved fro m http//www. ohsinc. com/on_site_drug_testing_onsite_drug_test_specimen_collection_CH ART. htm PAGE 6 PAGE MERGEFORMAT 1 Y, dXiJ(x(? I_TS? 1EZBmU/xYy5g/GMGeD3Vqq8K)fw9 xrxwrTZaGy8IjbRcXI u3KGnD1NIBs RuKV. ELM2fi? V? vlu8zH (W uV4(Tn 7_m-UBww_8(/0hFL)7iAs),Qg20ppf DU4p MDBJlC5 2FhsFYn3E6945Z5k8Fmw-dznZ? xJZp/P,)KQk5qpN8KGbe Sd17? paSR 6Q POWERED BY TCPDF (WWW. TCPDF. ORG).

Understand the role of the social care worker Essay Example for Free

view the role of the fond forethought histrion EssayA working birth is professional based. It is made around a companies contracts, policies and procedures. A person would chip in a working relationship with their private instructors, colleagues, other health professionals and their patients. Within a treat home a social workers working relationship with a patient is one based on c ar and support. It is to help somebody with their everyday living and where it is best for them to be. There are different boundaries in a working relationship both parties must(prenominal) be strictly professional at wholly times. A social worker should not exchange their face-to-face in stageation with a patient and they must follow all in all the companies policies and procedures.A ain relationship is more emotional and intimately based. A personal relationship is what a person has with their family and their friends. It is formed through the choice of two passel, it is made through share interests and likes. A person is free to express how they feel about another individual and voice their opinions in a personal relationship. In a personal relationship both people are knobbed in deciding whether they want that relationship or not.In health and social fretting settings in that location are many different working relationships. When approaching a doctor or other health check professional the relationship will forever be professional and formal because it is concerning the patients well being and all info needs to be passed on correctly. A relationship with a patient and their family may be more informal if a social worker has worked with them closely for a long time, although a relationship with them should always stay professional.If they are working with and seeing somebody on a daily reason both parties do develop a closer relationship. The relationship between a person with their colleagues and their manager would also be different, even though bot h relationships must stay professional somebody would point of reference their manager different to how they would a colleague. All relationships are different but in the workplace theyshould always remain professional.Understand the important of working in ways that are agreed with the employer.It is important to draw together to the agreed scope of the given job role because it enables the worker to enjoy their roles and responsibilities. It sets out boundaries for the worker for their throw job role. Without knowing their job role they may do things they are not trained to do or other workers may take advantage and get them to do jobs they are not meant to be doing. By knowing the correct job role a worker can improve their skills so they better themselves at that job. It means they will be working towards becoming a better carer, if they know what they are meant to be achieving.Agreed ways of working is to work to the set rules given by your employer or by law. These are usu ally in the form of policies and procedures, when starting work every employer should read their companies polices and procedures. They are also usually on staff notice boards as well. Staff members can have approach to the policies and procedures when ever needed. It is important to have up-to-date details of agreed ways of working because the law may have changed so the policies and procedures would need to be updated to fit in with these.The laws would change to protect vulnerable people or if something has gone wrong. They must be followed so that everyone works to the same guidelines rather than how they want to because if they do that everything would become chaotic. The may also be breaking the law if they are not following the policies and procedures.Understand the importance of working in confederacy with others.It important for a social worker to work in partnership with others these include carers, family, friends, doctors, physiotherapists etc. because then specific p roblems can be addressed such as mobility problems with the physiotherapists, illnesses with the doctors. Without working together a solution would not be made as quickly and advantageously as possible for the patient. If they are unable to make decision for themselves all those involved in the patients care should help to decide on the best thing forthem, this could be where they should live or what is the best form of medication.They are different ways of working to help improve working in a partnership such as recording all information so that it is easy to access for all the parties involved. The information should be clear and very informative, it needs to be accurate about the patient. All the partnerships should regularly accommodate or communicate so that everyone involved is up-to-date and all the necessary information is being shared.When decide contrasts a social worker should always remain calm, level headed and unbiased. If a conflict does arise the social worker ne eds to show understanding and empathy to both parties and show that they are listening. They should not let their personal opinions or judgements affect what they do or say. To try and diffuse any situation the social worker should give both sides a chance to express their feelings and opinions. If the conflict can not be firm on that day then a time should be set to re break up it, people may be calmer the second time. If a social worker is finding it hard to resolve a conflict after trying all the solutions they can think of they should ask for help.This could be from a colleague, they may have been in a similar situation before so have very valuable experience. A supervisor or line manager they would be able to give professional advice and again may have experienced this before so would have valuable advice, they would also be more experienced in having to make confident decisions. Agencies such as CQC, social services and support agencies would always be able to either give use ful numbers and websites to use or give advice to help solve the situation.

Poetry Essay Example for Free

Poetry EssayThe poem described the vocalisers longing and take to for her happiness in life. As she raises everyday, she depicts life at its best to fulfill her joy and contentment pull down if she is alone. The four stanza poem discussed the characters personal identity and idea towards joy and contentment in life. The speaker wants to convey to her readers that whatever circumstances they may have it is a great start to thank theology for a spic-and-span day of life. The first stanza discussed the emotions of the speaker as she faces the new day. The second stanza discussed how she thanked her creator for the new beginning of ch solelyenges and happiness. The third stanza discussed how the speaker prayed for the people around her whether they are in the same race or not. The last stanza described how the earth is filled with gladness if equality and justice exist. The speaker described her appealingness through this poem. It is a selfless desire to transform the earth in to salvation and peace despite of all the injustices and social inequality.On the other way around, the title also described the wholeness of the poem. It serves as the identity and apparent illusion of the poem. The title of this poem showed the main idea of the poem as it reveals the attack of the poet. In conclusion to this, it can be said that the poem is too short to read and understand. The poem has elementary thoughts to convey to its readers. The attack of the poet showed how prayer becomes powerful despite of all the troubles and fears of the society.

Public Private Partnership in the Philippines Essay Example for Free

general Private Partnership in the Philippines EssayMethodologyThe researcher habituated the historical research method that provided in work outation on the revalue of Public-Private Partnership in Philippine Infrastructure Construction. The data provides an overview on how valuable, whether it be for the benefit or trauma of the country, palatopharyngoplasty get a lines argon in the socio-economic paradigm. The gathe rosy data were from relevant books, research papers, governing body data, and thru papers released by relevant parties.What is PublicPrivate Partnership?Publicprivate partnership (PPP) describes a establishment run or private business venture which is funded and operated with a partnership of government and one or more private sphere companies. These schemes are sometimes referred to as PPP, P3 or P3. 1 1 http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public%E2%80%93private_partnership 1 http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public%E2%80%93private_partnership One of the possible rea sons why PPP is the format as to how the Philippine government is conducting most of its game budgeted infrastructure jumps is clearly stated by Ferreira and Khatami The private sphere is playing an increasingly crucial role in the financing and provision of functions that were traditionally the terra firma of the public sector. One of the key reasons is that governments are unable to cope with the ever-increasing demands on their budgets.Most infrastructure expenditures in developing countries have been funded directly from fiscal budgets but several factors such as macroeconomic instability and growing investment requirements have shown that public financing is volatile and, in many countries, rarely encounter crucial infrastructure expenditure requirements in a timely and adequate manner. PPP involves a pay off between a public sector authority and a private troupe, in which the private party provides a public service or project and assumes substantial financial, technica l and operational risk in the project. In some types of PPP, the cost of using the service is borne exclusively by the users of the service and not by the taxpayer.In an other(prenominal) types (notably the private finance initiative), capital investment is made by the private sector on the strength of a contract with government to provide agreed services and the cost of providing the service is borne wholly or in part by the government. Government contributions to a PPP may too be in kind (notably the transfer of existing assets). In projects that are aimed at creating public goods resembling in the infrastructure sector, the government may provide a capital subsidy in the form of a one-time grant, so as to make it more attractive to the private investors. In some other cases, the government may support the project by providing revenue subsidies, including tax breaks or by providing guaranteed annual revenues for a fixed period. 22 http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public%E2%80%93pri vate_partnership 2 http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public%E2%80%93private_partnershipPPP in the PhilippinesThe Philippines has a long history of public-private partnership (PPP) initiatives, which serve as a rich home for future investments. As of now it is a priority of the Benigno Aquino III Administration probably due to its sensed socio economic benefits not only in the usual infrastructure projects like roads, expressways, bridges, transportation terminals etc., it is also deviation after sectors like information and communications, healthcare, etc.One of the forefront departments involved in Infrastructure development and PPPs is the surgical incision of Public Works and Highways. As Infrastructures are means for our country to regain and sustain high economic growth, improve the social living standards of the people and remove the bottlenecks to international commerce and investment. Public-Private Partnership (PPP) is seen as approach to invest resources for adequate road in frastructure. The Government has fewer resources to invest on Expressways. DPWH will try the reforms needed to create a more conducive environment for private business and help pay back many more bankable projects.3 DPWH PROJECTS FOR IMPLEMENTATION IN 20111. NAIA Expressway (Phase II)2. NLEx-SLEx Link Expressway (Unsolicited Proposal)3. 3 Department of Public Works and Highways, PPP Projects 3 Department of Public Works and Highways, PPP ProjectsDaang Hari SLEx Link at that place were 10 PPPs announced for bidding in 2010, 4 were airport projects. The PPPs included* the Cavite-Laguna Expressway project,* NAIA Expressway II,* LRT 2 East Extension project* Privatization of LRT-1 OM,* Privatization of MRT-3 OM,* LRT 1 Cavite Extension project,* Bohol Airport,* Puerto Princesa Airport,* New Legaspi (Daraga) airport, and* Privatization of OM of Laguindingan airport.But some of these projects were shelved because the government wanted to be prudent about the structure and rules under which these would be bid out to private investors. feasibility studies also took a lot of time. 4 4 Why the Initial 10 PPPs were designed to fail by AYA LOWE 4 Why the Initial 10 PPPs were designed to fail by AYA LOWE Rene capital of Chile, a transportation consultant said that opportunity buttones due to delays in the PPPs are mounting. For the LRT-1 Cavite extension alone, he estimated the loss at P80 billion in the last 10 years. Santiago also estimated the losses for 2011 to 2013 to total P25 billion in economic costs. The value of the economic benefit loss of the LRT-2 east extension, which would not be completed until 2016, according to Santiago, is already P5.4 billion, more than half the cost of the project itself, which is P9 billion.According to Santiago, Manila was first among ASEAN countries to set up an urban railway the LRT-1 built in the 1980s. many another(prenominal) of ASEAN countries have now overtaken Manila, he said, however. From now until 2020, expect the Philippines to lag behind other countries in call of railway projects, he said. Based on the researched data Public Private partnership for infrastructures benefits are as follows * It could increase and give greater infrastructure solutions due to private companies having more resources for research and development and use of innovative technology. * It will offer faster project completion and reduced delays because it skips most of the government red tape present in normal construction and funding is internal to the private sector so there are no projected delays due to budget release.* Its return of investment (ROI) is greater when comparing to traditional methods, due to innovative design and financing approaches because of the experience of the private sector in marketing. * Risks are weighted from initial conceptual stages to determine the feasibility of a certain project * The operational and project execution risk is transferred totally to the private sector, leaving the public component on a win-win postal service * It is a concept where early completion of the infrastructure is expected under expected budget, reducing the claims and diverge order process due to it being similar to a developers scenario. * It allows government funds to be re-directed to other important socio-economic areas because funding of projects are done by the private sector. * Reduces government budget and budget deficits, because the government is virtually getting an infrastructure for free.* Public Private partnership allows a reduce tax defrayment from users similar to the subsidies of the government in LRT, MRT. * Allows the government to direct the expected function of the project in unanimity to their own interests But not everything is good about PPP, listed are some of the determined drawbacks * PPPs have risks involved, and the government will the pay the price to transfer those risks to the private sector, risks like bankruptcy, possible failure of the project during operation.* sure situations can affect the purity of the process due to specialized areas being improved, reducing the number of contractors in stock(predicate) to perform the requested projects wherein sometimes monopoly of contracts happen. * Profits of the projects can vary depending on the assumed risk, competitive level, complexity and volume of the project being performed * Government representative must(prenominal) be highly specialized force out and contracting experts mostly people from concerned agencies like DOT and DPWH have to have these kind highly trained personnel.CONCLUSIONBased on the data gathered the proponent of the study has come to the hobby conclusion, the benefits of Public Private Partnership further outweighs its detriments as some of the drawbacks can be easily averted through proper project planning and control and preparation. For PPP to be successful, the government and the private sectors involved must do it in with careful urgency. The P hilippines is a developing country as such progress and infrastructures needed to elevate our status would be beneficial if achieved in the shortest amount of time as possible, but these projects, if without deep considerations, may initially look promising but in the end may cause a lot of problems, and instead of helping become one of those elements that keep slowing the country down.

Eva Smiths Diary Essay Example for Free

Eva Smiths Diary EssayOnly a few days left to go, and my holidays will be over. Its wonderful having all this time to myself, to do as I please. moreover I afford so little money left. No work, and no digest. God, how I hate those machines. The noise keeps ringing in my head, and when they break down, I pott earn any money, because Im non working I wish with all my heart I could tolerate to stay home forever. But things are so expensive, prices go up all the time. Its all right if you own the grubby factory, moreover if youre like me, you can end up working yourself to death righteous to prove ends meet. Its non fair. Those esurient fat men in their luxurious offices with their ugly wives and spoilt brats The girls on the machines are the ones who are qualification all the money for them, while they just sit on their big backsides. We should have a pay rise, by rights. Now that would make historyBack to work today. My stomach kept rumbling because I couldnt afford m uch breakfast. Moneys tight. The other girls were saying how its the same for around of them. Most of us hadnt eaten since the day in the first place so we were all slow to begin with. We were glad to be back for the money.I packed Mr rotate if I could have my money early. He let me, and wasnt that surprised, probably because most of the girls asked for the same thing.When I got home, I bought both(prenominal) food, paid my bills, and all the usual things. I only had eight bob left prohibited of cardinal and six.This has been one of the worst days of my life. Things have been condenseting worse. E realone at work thinks so. We work long hours, and get so little for it. None of us can musical compositionage on such low wages. Birlings make a good profit, they can afford to pay us more. We all got together and agreed to ask for a pay rise nothing less than twenty five shillings a week. So we did. I ended up doing most of the talking. Mr. Birling wasnt having it, and t hoar u s to go and work somewhere else if we didnt like it.That man must have never opened his eyes when he walks on the streets, how can he not understand why we need the money, he cant honestly say he cant afford it and we dont deserve it. So we carried on for a while, only when people were angry. We decided that the only thing for it was to go on strike. What else could we do? By the end of the day, everyone agreed. All for one and one for all We were all in the same boat but as the days went by with no wages coming in at all it just got harder, especially for the girls with kiddies at home. After two weeks Birling locked us out and said hed replace us with new workers, or we could go back straightaway on the old wages.Well, you could understand why some of the girls wanted to go back. Their children needed food. It was humiliating. I went up to the door but Birling stood there and said Not you, Miss Smith, you must have heard me say that I would not permit the ringleaders back on the premises. I saw red, and told him exactly what I thought of him and his premises. manpower like him treat people like slaves, what choice does a woman with a sick impair have but to meekly obey a tyrant like him? He threatened to have me arrested, if I didnt leave his property forthwith I left.When I got home I gathered my things, colonised up, and moved out. For the time being I am living in digs until I can find another job, which wont be easy now Ive been sacked. Ive lost a lot of friends through this business, too. I havent got much money left from my job at Birlings, but hopefully it will just about see me through till I can find work again. Im so drop now. What was it all for? Good news at last Ive managed to get a position at Milwards, the most exclusive shop in town. Now Im a Milwards Assistant.This has come just in time. I am nearly out of money, but today could be the start of a new life for me. I been working now for two days, and I am getting on well. The people see m very nice. The pay is better than the workshop at least operators and filthy machinery do not surround me. Its so much nicer to be working in an elegant shop with all those beautiful clothes I can only dream of wearing. The customers are so grand, some of them, the aristocracy. Others are just mutton dressed to the nines(p) up as lamb (like the Birlings)Ive lost my job at Milwards.A spoilt, ugly girl, related to the Birlings She was arduous on some clothes that only made her require even less attractive than she already was, my friend, who was helping her choose something suitable knew this, even her own mother knew it. But the young miss was just being stubborn and really sulky about it. When she tried on this dress that made her look absolutely ridiculous, my friend turned around and silently snorted her nose as if she was being a pig. The Birling girl must have seen me smile behind her from the mirror or something. She was so furious. Then I got fired.

Another Kind of Racism Essay Example for Free

Another Kind of racialism EssayRacism is a disease. Spread by not more over words and actions but by silence and inaction. In two stories bring come ined in different media a novel and a movie racism is spread by people who feel they argon not racists, but who do nothing to prevent and stop racism. The realism is that it is easy to pretend racism doesnt exist, yet everyone practices it in some way. Those who kat once racism is abuse and do nothing are the perpetrators of racism. They allow the disease to cling to a group and spread kindred sending a sick toddler to preschool touching everything and everyone, infecting all. In T. C. Boyles book Tortilla drapery, racism is present throughout the book enough to exhaust the reader. In the movie Crash, racism is one element of a complex plot. They teach the reader similar, compatible lessons. The constituent Delaney from the book and the Cameron from Crash both(prenominal) are employ to depict stereotypical persons who cl aim to fight racism, stereotyping, and discrimination, yet when faced with a situation when it is directed toward them or individual near to them they allow racism to happen as if nothing was wrong.Following these people are dying morals and blind humanity. Delany is a white, affluent, born on the East Coast he now lives in Los Angeles. Living in a gated confederation had insulated him from the poverty that surrounded the very edges of the walls of exclusive neighborhood. During community meetings he does not want to discuss the increasing numbers of illegal immigrants he prefers to focus on the coyote attacks. Until the accident he did not know his life would cross paths with an Illegal Immigrant. He had seen them only in the parking lots where they waited looking for work. He claims to not be a racist, to not be biased, and to not stereotype individuals at these meetings. As he claims this, his car hits a Mexican named Candido. Delaney soothes his conscience by giving Candido $2 0 blood money, explaining to his married woman Kyra that Hes a Mexican. Delaney actions suggest that Mexicans are not people.More than 50 years earlier John Steinbecks characters in the book The Grapes of Wrath phrase the issue practically of the same way, They aint human. A human creation wouldnt live like they do. A human being couldnt stand it to be so dirty and miserable. Delaney prefers to pretend as if the Mexicans didnt exist, as the alternative is showing how he feels insecure and threatened by them. This is same way the character of the Hollywood Director Cameron in the same movie allows racism and harassment to occur in bet of him to his own wife. He allows her to be violated by a racist white cop. After his wife gets molested, instead of standing up against the cop and protecting his wife he grovels and thanks the cop for not giving him a ticket, Look, were sorry, and we would appreciate if you would just let us go with a warning, please. (Crash, 2004).Delaney and Cam eron are hypocrites being perpetrated from both ends of the spectrum they represent individuals directly affected by racism who fail to respond in a way that causes it to cease, and those indirectly causing the racism to occur and spread. In the movie Crash this is shown by Cameron emotion cornered and lashing out against those roughly him in Tortilla Curtain it is shown when the main character gives up bit against the walls and letting those around him decide for him what is right and wrong. By their silence they allow the racism to perpetuate around them.Individuals like those portrayed in these scenarios run the risk of causing an incessant cycle of racism and credulity that will not stop until someone stands up against it. Their fear feeds those around them. In Crash Cameron is confronted by fellow worker asking about an African American actor. This is gonna sound strange, but is Jamal seeing a speech coach or something?This is weird for a white guy to say, but have you not ice hes talking a lot less black lately? And the answer is, No, I havent noticed that.At first the character stands up to the racist questioner but in the end he gives up, he ignores why Jamal hasnt been sounding Black and goes on acting as if the words had not been said. In the same way after a canyon fire is set accidently by Candido in Tortilla Curtain Delaney attacks a Mexican man who is being questioned by the police. Delaney looked round at his neighbors, their faces drained and white, fists clenched, ready to go anywhere, do anything, seething with it, spoiling for it, a mob. They were out here in the night, outside the walls, forced out of their shells, and there was nothing to restrain them. (The Tortilla Curtain, 289)This occurs immediately after Delaney has attacked the handcuffed Jos Navidad, arrested under suspicion of starting the fire. Delaneys furious, wild actions and unexplainable anger towards the Mexicans has incited a full-on riot, with the evacuated residents of Arroyo Blanco ready to attack anything and anyone. The idea of the wall comes up in both movies, with whites being forced outside their walls, and their comfort zones. The results are frightening. The white citizens of the town have abandoned their ordered ways, Delaney has even abandoning his self-imposed rules he has indulged in alcohol.All have become more like the unrepressed immigrants they dislike and fear. In Crash the audience sees the hatred and racism feed on itself when two louche black men attack the District Attorney after complaining about racism towards them. The wife goes off on a rant after the attack and says many racial slurs and insults the locksmith. Her anger spills over into her husband who starts ranting as well. Why did these guys have to be black? I mean, why? (Crash, 2004). desire a disease, racism and hatred spreads from person to person impregnating their souls with bigotry and a blind sense of what is right.In the end both characters lose sight o f what is right. More concerned about themselves than how their actions affect those around them. Their gravitas in thinking that they are above the racism and bigotry has significant consequences. The infectious nature of racism in individuals who are intelligent, and who have power and influence, is the real danger. Their thinking is infectious, and once these thoughts are inside someones head they dont leave. It is especially dangerous when these individuals are opinion leaders. These are characters in fiction, but in the real world, people like Delaney and Cameron should not be tolerated. They cause the spread of racism, creating an unending circle of pain and grief for everyone they touch and a wider circle touched by those whom they have touched. full treatment CitedCrash. Dir. Paul Haggins. Perf. Don Cheadle and Sandra Bullock. Warner Brothers, 2004. DVD. Frenken, Wiltrud, Angela Luz, and Brigitte Prischtt. T.C. Boyle The Tortilla Curtain. Paderborn Schoningh, 2007. Print. S teinbeck, John. The Grapes of Wrath. New York Viking, 1939. Print.

Event Management Essay Example for Free

compositors case Management Es gradeIntroductionTo fulfill their motley qualitys within destination jut outning and place promotion, outlets must be managed as high- bore carrefours with a strong tourism orientation. This is a major challenge, given that most festivals and special final results ar managed by non-profit placements in which volunteers dominate. One-time events employ ascertain circumspection techniques to drive an event on a prescribed date, often with classs of readiness and development. They await special challenges, including protests or political interference, fast-tracking through regulatory channels, call forthing priorities and uncertain resource commitments, staff employee turnover or burn-out, and the temptation to make quality compromises when time and money run low. Event programs are collected of a number of generic elements of style, and managers have unlimited scope in combining them to achieve uniqueness. solemnization is the essen ce of festivals. Spectacle, including entertainment, consists of those components which please the eye or are humongousr than life displays. Commerce is a make of some(prenominal) events, including exhibits and merchandising. Hospitality refers to both the reception and good quality experienced by guests and the opportunity for sponsors to emcee their clients, staff and associates. Games is a broad element involving competitions, gambling, humor and surprise. Educational components are often important, and cultural legitimacy must be considered.A bargain audit foot be performed on events to determine their magnet and readiness to host phaetons. Some of the key elements are sufficient in appeal and quality to attract and satisfy tourists, a theme and putting which conveys an attractive image, a targeted communications campaign with identified tourist segments, a program which plys generic benefits for all visitors and targeted benefits for special tourism interests, prov ision of special portions admit by tourists (for example, accessibility, reception of tour groups, additional info, languages, reserved seating), packaging for tourists, relationships with the tour and hospitality sectors, cooperative merchandise involving destination marketing agencies and other(a) events, sponsorship which extends the reach of the events appeal and communications, and site and community capacity to accommodate straightforward numbers of visitors. Recent explore has given an added financial aid to the theme of event wariness.event marketingThe sponsorship or production of events as a marketing tool, specifically to connect with target audiences, build relationships, sell swap and achieve positive publicity, entangles some of what is kn feature as event marketing. In render for money, goods or services, events provide sponsors with specific benefits such(prenominal)(prenominal) as visibility, sales promotions, onsite exhibitions and hospitality venues.Ex plosive growth in event sponsorship occurred during and spare-time activity the Los Angeles Summer Olympic Games of 1984. The events sector has since been revolutionized, giving rise to larger budgets, more worry to marketing, merchandising and media coverage, and the beat of corporate p inventionnerships. Sponsors often augment the reach of event promotions and provide valued technical expertise. Tourism and event development organizations actively promote destinations through events, and this process is largely dependent on the creation of media-oriented events with planetary sponsors.One consequence of this trend has been a rise in ambush marketing, in which corporations seek to wear advantages through surrounding promotions without actually sponsoring the event. Confusion butt joint also result when event sponsors differ from the sponsors of participants, such as athletes, and from media advertisers. A nonher trend had been for corporations to seek equity in events, or eve n to create their own events. This could threaten relationships with some events and result in less sponsorship money. Similarly, moves in some jurisdictions to ban advertising and sponsorship, particularly from alcohol or tobacco companies, is also viewed as a threat to the events sector.To be sustainable in the colossal term, there must be a congruence of goals and styles among sponsors and event organizers, with clear benefits to each party, clients and other participants (Cooper Press, 1995). In some cases these partnerships are leading to environmental and educational programs at events, to heightened community involvement by corporations, and to a resurgence of the arts. Event marketing has had the effect of elevating event tourism into prominence, not bonny as a special-interest market but as a major tool in destination image-making.feasibleness Study/Overview ReportThe structure of the vogue market is representd in present down 1. FifthElement produces collections ter med every ready-to-wear or understander wear, or prt--porter. Garments are highly priced. Designs are produced in limited numbers and the quality must be of a high standard. in that respect are two main collections a class ( add-on mid-seasons). The collections may be shown on the catwalks of capital of the United Kingdom, Paris, Milan and New York. In the 1980s and early 1990s,FifthElement was producing two collections a year to show on the international catwalks. The event process for a collection is out atmosphered in Figure 2. The stages are as followsFigure 1 Structure of the Fashion IndustryFigure 2 The event process for a collection at FifthElement Menswear The initial theme or story for the collection. Themes have to be innovative and somewhat original as what these designers create go away trickle down to the high street. The foreign Wool Secretariat, ICI, the Silk Board, the Cotton Board all provide predictions for colors and fabrics they think get out sell succeed ing(a) season. The color palette should be decided upon before the fabric show is visited. How much per meter of stuff the designer can spend depends on that particular collection, cash flow, sponsorship and the designers preference (Sproles Burns, 1994). Mood boards/Story boards. ordinarily numerous A1 or A2 boards convey the collections themes, images, fabrics and color palette (Davis, 1992). It becomes a reference point while designing. It visually pulls all the search together. Designing. Sketches working drawings and/or illustrations are made. Because of the type and size of the conjunction, FifthElement does not need to produce specification drawings. They collaborates with their pose cutter to ensure designs are interpreted correctly. Clothes may be imitate on the stand (tailoring dummy) in which case a toile (a prototype of a half- arrange used to construct a pattern) is used to create a pattern or a block (standard pattern) may be adapted. A calico garment is constr ucted from the pattern to assess its function, aesthetics and styling. The sample garment or final garment is made. This is the garment the model imparting wear down the catwalk and orders will be made from and further manufacturing will be based on (Chenoune, 1993). The fashion show will require more than just the garments as it is a marketing event. Within the industry it is usual for companies to have sponsorship from other companies. Enigma Fibres sponsored FifthElements 1994-5 dip/ spend collection. This allows FifthElement to reduce their costs and the sponsor to gain publicity. At the show, buyers will order designs they like. It is also where the designer either receives good or bad publicity, depending on the quality of work at the show. Manufacturing and retailing of collections. When a suitable price is negotiated with a manufacturing guild, the range goes into production. Fabric is re-ordered in bulk. Orders are delivered or shipped out. FifthElement will not retail their collection in-store until orders are received and prices are standardized (Dunn, 1996). As a consequence, this will ensure that the provision family does not undercut their customers.Table 1 Requirements for FifthElement Autumn/Winter 1999-2000 collectionThe Collection (54 garments shown) budgetFabric 100 meters 10.00 per meter (average) 1,0004 models for the fashion show 650 per model 2,6004 models for fittings 100 400.00Sound, well-to-do and seating 1,000Styling 750.00Hair and make-up 400.00Accessories 250.00Hospitality based on 100 people 1,000Invitations 500.00Total 7,900The bon ton has to have a significant amount of cash to participate in designer shows (see Table 1). To research and stage a collection costs over 10,000. To show the collection together costs 10,000, plus another 10,000 to produce customer orders.There will be no return on coronation on the initial collection for about a year. afterward six months, work begins on the attached collection. Before any profit is made a cash flow sum of 40,000-50,000 is needed. Due to the large amount of money required and to increase the choice to customers in the retail outlet, small collections are put together in-store. Usually in-store ranges are planned four to six months in advance. The timescale of a collection can take up to a year (see Table 2).Table 2 A collection plan produced by Flash Box StudiosTimescale Collection tasks Estimated costsOct-Nov 2002 seek and Development for Autumn/ Winter 2003/9 Collection 10,000March 2003 Paris Catwalk A/W 2003/9 level 10,000April 2003 RD for Summer 2004 10,000March-Sept 2003 Orders and Production 10,000By Sept 2003 Wholesale orders out and in-store retailingOctober 2003 Next designers show s/s 2004 10,000Oct-Nov 2003 Return on InvestmentProposed Organizational Structure and Monitoring SystemsWholesale collections are similarly conducted. Cost is worked out by fabric per meter, the actual cloth consumption, patterns, buttons, trimmings and how long the garment takes to make or how much the manufacturing plant charges. As a general rule, the mark-up is 100 per cent for wholesale and 250 per cent for retail.BuyingBuying operates for Autumn/Winter and Spring/Summer like the ready-to-wear. Items must fit in with the seasons theme. New suppliers are researched from trade magazines, trade shows, suppliers phone calls and word of mouth (other designers). A performance management scheme, which cascades an organizations top direct objectives down through successive layers of managers and front-line staff, may be one useful method of communicating goals, such as the need for effective event management (Turner, 1999).A budget is set for each supplier depending on the seasons requirements (Feldwick, 1991). Suppliers are kept depending on the sales performance of previous merchandise and whether the product is classed as trendy or classic as the former has a higher turnover but a shorter lifecycle. Suppliers who have remained const ant over time include John Smedley, N-Peal, Burlington and Creed Harris.TechnologyThe participation seek to integrate CAD/CAM into the bespoke side of the business to automate the process of tailoring. The idea was that a shift towards technology would enable the company to offer the service on a larger, less expensive scale. twain systems were introduced (Behling Wilch, 1988).The range of sizes is wider than off-the-peg suits, but not as precise as traditional manual methods. There are forty-one different jacket sizes available without vents or with one or two vents, and in twenty-eight different finishes available on the Scabal Iota system. The CAD/CAM system brings up the nearest pattern match from its database and adjusts the pattern on the Gerber system. Regardless of how vast the database is, it still is somewhat limited and inflexible in comparison to traditional tailoring practices.In contrast, fabric technology helped to increase the companys market position and offic e in the industry. Enigma Fibres sponsored FifthElement Menswear Winter 1994-5 collection by providing the fabric Tencel. The collection marked the re-launch of FifthElements ready-to-wear collections and their return to commercial fashion. The association between the two companies ensured an increase in press coverage, which was beneficial to both parties. The technological, environmental and functional aspects of Tencel produced in classic designs were popular but for a company which only produces limited designs the research and uses of technologically advanced fabrics are costly (Aaker, 1991).Identifying and evaluating the FifthElement brandThe primary aim of organizational analysis is to illustrate how market research can be used to create a strong brand individuation (UK Marketing Guides, 1995) for FifthElement and to establish that identicalness as an effective form of communication between the company and its sundry(a)(prenominal) audience. The audience for FifthElement Menswear is shown in Table 3.Table 3 The audience and aims of FifthElement MenswearAudience AimsCustomers To instill loyalty prevalent public Enhance sensation of the company and productsThe media pop off new strategy and performance/increase awarenessFinancial Communicate new strategyThe industry Differentiate products and services from that of competitorsLocal community Communicate commitment to growthInternal Set an agenda and common objectives team workInfluential groups Show commitment to the environmentGovernment Communicate commitment to growth and global marketsThe aims are communicated to by the various designed elements of the company. What these elements (or channels of communication) are is relative. In a market characterized by products with little generic differentiation, the fashion own brand has emerged as the cornerstone of marketing strategies (Moore, 1995). Wilson suggests (1982) brand image can be disconnected down further into current image how audiences se e the company mirror image how the company sees itself neediness image the way the company would like to be seen.Figure 3 shows how a brand individualism program is created. The FifthElement brand will be identified by explaining demand and design policy identifying how the company would like to be seen (the gaze image) established from the company mission and philosophy investigating the design elements of the company and what they communicate (involves observing the mirror images) auditing design elements on an evaluation scale based on the wish image describing the brand according to six levels of meaningFigure 3 Creating a brand identity program comparing competitors brands (names, symbols and logos) and finding common elements and characteristics of the industry the FifthElement sample logo conclusion of findings and recommendations.Purchasing motivation and design policyDesign communicates messages about the company to its audiences. Audiences must be able to decode the se messages with lower limit effort and this is achieved by a strong coherent and consistent brand identity. An effective design policy, which describes the background and constraints within which a company carried out design work can ensure this (Forsythe, 1991). It describes in design terms how customers needs and wants are being met. Design policy at FifthElement Menswear is not documented, nor is their design process.Because the company has a typical entrepreneurial structure, little is hold. The managing director rarely has time to communicate the policy verbally, and so they cannot communicate it to customers or ensure that work meets set standards (Goffee Scase, 1995). Design policy must be formalized and standards set to measure the effectiveness of design if the company is to move forward. Van Der Wagon Carlos (2005) identified that the role of the coordinator was often imprecisely defined, with real responsibility remaining with the recurring-event manager.The wish im ageThe companys specific mission, or the purpose for the companys existence is to design ripe classics to create aesthetic garments of unmistakable quality to ensure the company conveys nourish (in its clothing and environment) to ensure the company conveys quality to provide traditional skills and expertise to remain firm and exhibit art.After investigating the style and content of design communication, it can be audited against these objectives.Passing tradeAt just under six square miles, Islington is one of the smallest boroughs in London, with a population of 164,000. It is characterized by contrast, springyity and modern cultural diversity. Upper Street is home to the Business Design Centre (BDC) which separates two distinct shop studys. On one side towards Angel, there is the high street multiple chains, which are easily recognizable. On the other, towards Highbury and Islington there are independent retail outlets very high in design content and product price. FifthEl ement is situated in the latter part at 186 Upper Street.Renowned for its innovative window displays, the company changes them every 1-2 weeks. The windows of the shop front are curved with a tiled path. The window display area has a polished wooden floor with a backdrop of mirrors. Often done in conjunction with a company called Urban Roots, examples of displays include a window full of daffodils in spring, with a merchandised manikin in the centre. Sometimes the window display is a piece of artwork combined with merchandise, such as the yes/no heads and two wooden/mechanical heads, shaking and nodding. Not only does this promote local art but also provides local artists with a place to sell their work.Customer serviceThe bespoke service is as it was fifty years ago the customer is made to feel important with personal attention and advice. FifthElement understands fully their craft, enabling him to provide an impeccable consultancy service to bespoke customers. The only problem i s enabling customers to visualize a 3D-product prior to its construction (Huddleston, et. Al, 1993). Once the customer has the suit, it is more or less guaranteed for two years. FifthElement will even press the suit after its frontmost dry-clean, out of courtesy.Repairs are part of the service. Merchandise can be exchanged if unsuitable, but there is no formal policy on returns and no set complaints procedures. Assessing general service is also fundamental, as this is an asset which can differentiate a company from their competitors. at a lower place are some questions that the company may need to ask about their general standard of service Is the telephone answered in 3-4 rings? Is there somewhere for clients to rest? argon the staff attentive? Are products guaranteed? Are customers served immediately? Are individual complaints handled effectively and efficiently? Are refreshments offered to bespoke customers?It would also be advantageous for the company to have a complaints book to log all complaints, so they could be prevented from recurring. This will help the company assess in the short term what customers expect. However, it must be remembered that for every customer who is dissatisfied and complains, there are many who are equally dissatisfied yet, for reasons best known to themselves, they say nothing (Leppard and Molyneux, 1994).Products as objectsFabrics and patterns are sent to manufacturers who make a sample garment before the line goes into full production. Generally, fifty garments at a time is regarded the maximum, possibly in five styles. FifthElement himself checks quality control. It is a general check of the cut-make-trim (CMT).Although visual defects are check over manually, garments or cloth are not checked for quality assurance. Performance characteristics are neither checked nor presented to the customer as a measure of quality. These include shrinkage (BS 5807) colourfastness (BS 1006) dry cleaning/washing (BS 4961) durability and ma intenance (BS 5807) other care characteristics fire resistance.It is not suggested that the company attempts to comply with British or European Standards. BS 5750 (ISO 9001) is often difficult in its practical application for companies, particularly of this size, to comply with. However, there is nothing to prevent the company producing its own standard based on BS/ISO 9000.ConclusionEffective Event management needs to be focused upon processes and assets as room to an end. The growing reliance of organizations upon one another, and upon technology and infrastructure, has also been cited as supporting the view that Event management matters more today than at any other point in history. Soft and hard system elements must be considered together and that organizations themselves may incubate the potential for interruptions.Managerial intervention plays a vital role in causing crises or in mitigating their effects. Whilst no methodology can guarantee that interruptions will be avoided , it is argued that adopting a broad methodology will assist organizations to be better prepared. The Event management process should be regularly reviewed and updated to ensure that the resulting plans remain appropriate. It is appropriate to examine some general principles of planning which apply equally, in which the planning processes specifically concerned with recurring-event are considered in greater detail.One of the first issues facing an organization setting out to develop a recurring-event plan is that of who should be primarily amenable within the organization for the research, planning, analysis and drafting of preliminary plans. Although the planning process requires a dedicated labor manager it also normally needs senior management support. Given that the planning process requires information which can only be gathered and ascertained from individuals across many parts of the organization, participation in the process is considered essential. Many successful organiz ations place recurring-event within a central department that has responsibility for strategical planning and analysis amongst other tasks (Barnard, 1996).A useful model includes a steering group to support the project manager. This steering group should include senior and influential staff from different units or departments. A further problem which arises from the outset of any planning process, whether this be strategic, functional or recurring-event oriented, is the legacy hindrance. Organizations are complex socio-technical systems which reflect antecedents such as decisions, systems, structures, values and beliefs.The influence on strategy of an organizations structure has long been recognized (Chandler, 1962) and, despite considerable debate in this respect, structure should remain a focus of attention since it offers one manner in which the organization can be viewed and, therefore, analyzed. The way in which one perceives an organization can often determine the decisions a nd actions that are taken.In a recurring-event context (and in practical terms) many organizations find themselves in a brownfield planning context. This means that managers involved must recognize that they cannot make wholesale changes to the organization and its social and technical systems. They must plan in their context.This does not necessarily mean that they should banish possibilities for greenfield planning. Analysts have observed that organizations may design in redundant computer-processing capacity and facilities as a incident for interruptions. Hence, the challenges facing planners in brownfield and greenfield situations are not dissimilar from those which emanate from process redesign (Baugh Davis, 1989).The perception of mischance may also influence the discovery process that precedes the development of recurring-event plans. In some organizations, failure is considered to be a positive side-effect from which discovery and subsequent improvements can be effected. Managerial recommendation is clear cognizance has to be developed first (Catherwood Richard, 1992). Equally, planners should be aware of the symbolism that failure can bring. The plan itself could be blamed, or specific individuals could be blamed. The failure itself is more nebulous, and unless it is thoroughly understood, there could be little, if any, improvement should similar circumstances arise in the future.ResourcesAaker, A.D. (1991) Managing Brand Equity. Capitalizing on the Value of a Brand Name, New York The clean-handed Press.Barnard, D. (1996) Fashion as Communication, London Routledge.Baugh, D.F. and Davis, L.L. (1989) The effect of store image on consumers perceptions of designer and private recording label clothing, habiliments and Textiles Research journal, 7 (3), p. 15.Behling, D. and Wilch, J. (1988) Perceptions of branded clothing by male consumers, Clothing and Textiles Research Journal, 6 (2), p. 46.Chenoune, F. (1993) A History of Mens Fashion, Paris Flam marion.Cooper, R. and Press, M. (1995) The Design Agenda, Chichester John Wiley Sons.Catherwood, Dwight W., and Richard L. Van Kirk. The Complete Guide to Special Event Management. New York John Wiley and Sons, 1992.Davis, F. (1992) Fashion, Culture and Identity, Chicago University of Chicago Press.Dunn, B. (1996) Lauren to himself, GQ, April, p. 157.Feldwick, P. (1991) Defining a brand, in D. Cowley (ed.) Understanding Brands, London Kogan Page, pp. 19-28.Forsythe, S.M. (1991) Effect of private, designer and national brand names on shoppers perception of apparel quality and price, Clothing Textiles Research Journal, 9 (2), 1-6.Goffee, R. and Scase, R. (1995) Corporate Realities, London Routledge.Huddleston, P., Cassill, N. and Hamilton, L. (1993) Apparel selection criteria as predictors of brand orientation, Clothing Textiles Research Journal, 12 (1), 51-6.Model-Netics. ( 1980). Sacramento, CA Main Event Management Corporation.Moore, C.M. (1995) From rags to riches creating and benefiting from the fashion own brand, International Journal of Retail Distribution Management, 23 (9), 23.MCCURLEY LYNCH, THE VOLUNTEER MANAGEMENT HANDBOOK, Heritage Arts Publishing, Illinois, 1996Sorensen, C. (1995) The fashion market and the marketing environment, in M. Easy (ed.) Fashion Marketing, Oxford Blackwell Science.Sproles, G. and Burns, L.D. (1994) Changing Appearances Understanding Dress in Contemporary Society, New York Fairchild, p. 7.Turner, JR (1999) vade mecum of Project-Based Management, McGraw Hill MaidenheadUK Marketing Guides (1995) Postcode Targeter of Great Britain A Guide to Postcode Sector Marketing, (vols 1 and 2), London HarperCollins.Van Der Wagon, L. Carlos, B. (2005) Event Management for Tourism, Cultural, Business and Sporting Events, Pearson, Sydney.Wilson, (1982), Marketing Audit Checklists, Maidenhead, Berks McGraw-Hill.